Examines American-Indian adolescents' perceptions of risk factors and effects associated with alcohol use during pregnancy, and age-related prevention strategies for fetal alcohol syndrome. Results indicate peer pressure, influences of adult drinking behaviors, stressful family environment, and acceptance of alcohol use in Indian community may be…

Data collected over two years from two consecutive samples of young persons who were cited their first time for breaking university drinking rules were examined to covalidate the relationship among risky sexual beliefs and behaviors, and problem drinking. Results indicate a significant relationship among risky sexual beliefs, behaviors, and…

Survey examines gender differences in sexual practices and beliefs about condom use among rural injecting drug users admitted to treatment programs. Results indicate that Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome knowledge was extremely limited for both males and females in this sample, suggesting that basic HIV/AIDS…

Studies the relationship of sensation-seeking to alcohol use and risk-taking behavior in a sample of college women. Risk-taking behavior measured in a driving simulation task was affected by state of intoxication. Results indicate that the personality trait of sensation-seeking appears to play an important mediating role in alcohol use and…

Examines the relationship between episodes of binge drinking by undergraduates (N=592) and the extent to which students saw decisions about alcohol use as involving five domains of sociomoral reasoning. Results indicate that undergraduates who abused alcohol the most used their thinking skills in an immature manner that emphasized personal choice…

Surveys employees (N=4,979) of an Australian state railway to determine self-reported employee alcohol use and the influence of work-related risk factors on this use. Examination of risk factors previously associated with work-related problem drinking showed that gender, nights away from home for work, job satisfaction, and availability of alcohol…

Reports on focus group discussions with managers, bartenders, waitstaff, and security staff of retail alcohol establishments. Purpose of the focus groups was to identify beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, and practices among management and staff to guide development of training programs. Results indicate that, compared to management, staff had…

Study provides a descriptive profile of alcohol consumption patterns of adolescents in a southern state from four time periods over the past decade. Also examines the relationship between alcohol initiation and binge drinking behaviors and sexual initiation, pregnancy, multiple sex partners, and violence. Regression analyses showed very modest…

Examines the link between self-consciousness and alcohol use in 543 male and female university students. Results indicate that the female severe drinkers had significantly higher scores on public self-consciousness than both male moderate and severe drinkers. Male severe drinkers also had significantly higher scores on private self-consciousness…

Study uses longitudinal growth curve modeling to examine the dynamic relations between refusal skills and alcohol use. The estimated means for alcohol use indicated that on average these adolescents increased their alcohol use by a factor of 140% over a four-year period. Refusal skill efficacy declined by a factor of 13% over the same time frame.…

Examines the impact of a recently adopted alcohol prohibition policy at the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) on student drinking and binge drinking behaviors. Although survey (N=303) results indicate that students living in areas impacted by the alcohol policy are less likely to consume alcohol, RIT's alcohol policy appears to have no…

Study randomly samples 66 drinking and driving television public service announcements that were then coded using a categorical and dimensional scheme. Data set reveals that informational/testimonial messages made up almost half of the total; positive appeals were the next most common, followed by empathy, fear, and modeling appeals. (Contains 34…

Study seeks to determine if ethnic and gender differences in polydrug use exist among a cohort of inner-city adolescents during the three-year middle school period (N=2,354). Results of self-report questionnaires reveal that Asian and Black adolescents generally reported less polydrug use than White and Hispanic youth, and that boys engaged in…

Survey of residence hall staff (RHS) reports estimates of student substance abuse and related problems, level of knowledge about these drugs, frequency of problems experienced and interventions employed, and the degree of confidence in utilizing specific intervention skills. Results indicate that RHS see their role as a combination of counselor…

Study identifies and examines prevention resources developed to address the problem of adolescent solvent abuse. Prevention materials were coded according to targeted age group, ethnicity, and media format. Results suggest that specific prevention messages are often used with specific age groups, cultural content, and media formats. (Contains 32…