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Falcomata, Terry S.; Wacker, David P.; Ringdahl, Joel E.; Vinquist, Kelly; Dutt, Anuradha – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2013
The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the generalization of mands during functional communication training (FCT) and sign language training across functional contexts (i.e., positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement). A secondary purpose was to evaluate a training procedure based on stimulus control to teach manual signs. During…
Descriptors: Generalization, Sign Language, Communication Skills, Positive Reinforcement
Gardner, Andrew W.; Wacker, David P.; Boelter, Eric W. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2009
The choice-making behavior of 2 typically developing children who engaged in problem behavior maintained by negative reinforcement was evaluated within a concurrent-operants assessment that varied the quality of attention across free-play and demand conditions. The results demonstrated that it was possible to bias responding towards academic…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Negative Reinforcement, Interaction, Responses
Winborn-Kemmerer, Lisa; Ringdahl, Joel E.; Wacker, David P.; Kitsukawa, Kana – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2009
Preference for mand topography was evaluated for 2 individuals with developmental disabilities who exhibited problem behavior. The results of a functional analysis showed that each participant's problem behavior was maintained by social reinforcement. Participants were taught two novel mand topographies for the same functional reinforcer, and each…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Behavior Modification, Social Reinforcement, Behavior Problems
Boelter, Eric W.; Wacker, David P.; Call, Nathan A.; Ringdahl, Joel E.; Kopelman, Todd; Gardner, Andrew W. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2007
The effects of manipulations of task variables on inaccurate responding and disruption were investigated with 3 children who engaged in noncompliance. With 2 children in an outpatient clinic, task directives were first manipulated to identify directives that guided accurate responding; then, additional dimensions of the task were manipulated to…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Negative Reinforcement, Young Children, Clinics
Berg, Wendy K.; Wacker, David P.; Cigrand, Karla; Merkle, Steve; Wade, Jeanie; Henry, Kim; Wang, Yu-Chia – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2007
The results of a functional analysis of problem behavior and a paired-choice assessment were compared to determine whether the same social reinforcers were identified for problem behavior and an appropriate response (time allocation). The two assessments were conducted in classroom settings with 4 adolescents with mental retardation who engaged in…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Mental Retardation, Time Management, Functional Behavioral Assessment
Barretto, Anjali; Wacker, David P.; Harding, Jay; Lee, John; Berg, Wendy K. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2006
We describe the use of telemedicine by the Biobehavioral Service at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics to conduct brief functional analyses for children with developmental and behavioral disorders who live in rural areas of Iowa. Instead of being served at our outpatient facility, participants received initial behavioral assessments in…
Descriptors: Rural Areas, Behavior Disorders, Access to Health Care, Longitudinal Studies
Call, Nathan A.; Wacker, David P.; Ringdahl, Joel E.; Boelter, Eric W. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2005
Functional analysis test conditions typically manipulate a single antecedent variable and an associated consequence to better isolate response reinforcer relations. In some instances no problem behavior is observed, perhaps representing a false-negative finding. The present study evaluated one approach to assess potentially false-negative findings…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Functional Behavioral Assessment, Evaluation
Reed, Gregory K.; Dolezal, Danielle N.; Cooper-Brown, Linda J.; Wacker, David P. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2005
We evaluated the effects of sleep disruption on the mealtime behavior of a young boy with developmental disabilities. Results showed that bite acceptance was less likely to persist during meals following disrupted sleep, but only when escape extinction was not implemented. Findings are discussed in terms of establishing operations and the effects…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Sleep
Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1985
Five students (13-18 years old) classified as profoundly/multiply handicapped were trained to use microswitches to indicate reinforcer preferences. When the microswitches activated the devices during training, a substantial increase in the duration of motoric responding occurred for all students. In addition, some students performed differentially…
Descriptors: Electromechanical Aids, Multiple Disabilities, Reinforcement, Secondary Education
Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1985
Three severely handicapped adolescents were trained, using a picture prompt package, to complete three complex vocational or daily living tasks. All students required many training sessions to learn the first training task, but generalized their use of the pictures across settings without additional training. They needed substantially reduced…
Descriptors: Daily Living Skills, Generalization, Pictorial Stimuli, Prompting
Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; Berg, Wendy K. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1983
Results of the study involving five moderately/severely retarded adolescents indicated that picture prompts can be successully used to promote both acquisition and generalization of performance, and the subsequent training time on a novel task was reduced when the use of picture prompts had been previously trained. (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Cues, Generalization, Job Skills
Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
The long-term employment of 51 moderately mentally retarded clients who were placed into 64 supported employment positions was evaluated relative to 10 training and post-training components in a supported employment training package. Three components differentiated successful from unsuccessful employment: client advocate, collateral behavior, and…
Descriptors: Adults, Employment, Employment Programs, Job Placement
Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1988
Three experiments, involving five students (aged 13-20) with profound, multiple handicaps, showed that the students could effectively use microswitches to demonstrate toy preferences, to indicate preferences for social attention, and to make specific requests of educational staff in school and community settings. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Attention, Caregivers, Communication Aids (for Disabled), Multiple Disabilities
Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1988
Five young adults and three junior high students, with moderate mental retardation, were trained first to label characters verbally and then to enter the characters into computers, calculators, or checkbooks. Almost all subjects were able to generalize the use of verbal labels and key-entry skills across tasks and settings. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Adults, Autoinstructional Aids, Generalization, Junior High Schools
Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
Two moderately retarded adolescents received instruction on peer-training skills to teach a vocational task to classmates; subsequently, one peer trainer taught three peers to complete a complex vocational task. Results indicated that peer training can be an effective instructional procedure, with generalization occurring for both the trainers and…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Generalization, Job Skills, Junior High Schools
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