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Slanzi, Crystal M.; Vollmer, Timothy R.; Iwata, Brian A.; Kronfli, Faris R.; Williams, Lisa Pabst; Perez, Brandon C. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2022
A goal of some functional analysis (FA) variations is to reduce assessment time while still maintaining efficacy. This may be especially important when conducting FAs in early intervention programs, where time is a crucial commodity. To that end, we evaluated a model for using the results of the no-interaction condition as a screening for…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Early Intervention, Young Children
Fritz, Jennifer N.; Iwata, Brian A.; Rolider, Natalie U.; Camp, Erin M.; Neidert, Pamela L. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Most treatments for stereotypy involve arrangements of antecedent or consequent events that are imposed entirely by a therapist. By contrast, results of some studies suggest that self-recording, a common component of self-management interventions, might be an effective and efficient way to reduce stereotypy. Because the procedure typically has…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Self Management, Intervention, Allied Health Personnel
Bourret, Jason C.; Iwata, Brian A.; Harper, Jill M.; North, Stephen T. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Five individuals with autism or other developmental disabilities participated in paired-stimulus preference assessments during repeated baseline probes. All subjects initially showed a pronounced bias by typically selecting the stimulus placed in either the left or right position. Biased responding for 3 subjects was eliminated when training…
Descriptors: Autism, Developmental Disabilities, Reinforcement, Mental Retardation
Wallace, Michelle D.; Iwata, Brian A.; Hanley, Gregory P.; Thompson, Rachel H.; Roscoe, Eileen M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
We conducted 2 studies to determine whether dense and thin NCR schedules exert different influences over behavior and whether these influences change as dense schedules are thinned. In Study 1, we observed that thin as well as dense NCR schedules effectively decreased problem behavior exhibited by 3 individuals. In Study 2, we compared the effects…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Behavior Problems, Comparative Analysis, Functional Behavioral Assessment
Dozier, Claudia L.; Iwata, Brian A.; Thomason-Sassi, Jessica; Worsdell, April S.; Wilson, David M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Some individuals with intellectual disabilities do not respond to praise as a reinforcer, which may limit their ability to learn. We evaluated 2 procedures (stimulus pairing and response-stimulus pairing), both of which involved pairing previously neutral praise statements with preferred edible items, to determine their usefulness in establishing…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Mental Retardation, Positive Reinforcement, Comparative Analysis
Rolider, Natalie U.; Iwata, Brian A.; Bullock, Christopher E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
We examined the effects of several variations in response rate on the calculation of total, interval, exact-agreement, and proportional reliability indices. Trained observers recorded computer-generated data that appeared on a computer screen. In Study 1, target responses occurred at low, moderate, and high rates during separate sessions so that…
Descriptors: Computation, Interrater Reliability, Intervals, Reliability
Wilson, David M.; Iwata, Brian A.; Bloom, Sarah E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
We evaluated an inexpensive, efficient, and noninvasive technique for measuring tissue damage produced by self-injurious behavior (SIB). The technique involved computerized measurement of wound surface area (WSA) based on digital photographs. In Study 1, we compared photographic measurement to a more commonly used procedure, transparency…
Descriptors: Self Destructive Behavior, Observation, Scientific Concepts, Computer Assisted Testing
Dempsey, Carrie M.; Iwata, Brian A.; Fritz, Jennifer N.; Rolider, Natalie U. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
We compared the effects of 2 observer-training procedures. In vivo training involved practice during actual treatment sessions. Video training involved practice while watching progressively more complex simulations. Fifty-nine undergraduate students entered 1 of the 2 training conditions sequentially according to an ABABAB design. Results showed…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Training Methods, Undergraduate Students, Comparative Analysis
Ortega, Javier Virues; Iwata, Brian A.; Nogales-Gonzalez, Celia; Frades, Belen – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
We conducted 2 studies on reinforcer preference in patients with dementia. Results of preference assessments yielded differential selections by 14 participants. Unlike prior studies with individuals with intellectual disabilities, all participants showed a noticeable preference for leisure items over edible items. Results of a subsequent analysis…
Descriptors: Dementia, Mental Retardation, Patients, Reinforcement
Bloom, Sarah E.; Iwata, Brian A.; Fritz, Jennifer N.; Roscoe, Eileen M.; Carreau, Abbey B. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
We evaluated a trial-based approach to conducting functional analyses in classroom settings. Ten students referred for problem behavior were exposed to a series of assessment trials, which were interspersed among classroom activities throughout the day. Results of these trial-based functional analyses were compared to those of more traditional…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Learning Activities, Self Destructive Behavior, Behavior Modification
Thomason-Sassi, Jessica L.; Iwata, Brian A.; Neidert, Pamela L.; Roscoe, Eileen M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
Dependent variables in research on problem behavior typically are based on measures of response repetition, but these measures may be problematic when behavior poses high risk or when its occurrence terminates a session. We examined response latency as the index of behavior during assessment. In Experiment 1, we compared response rate and latency…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Reaction Time, Functional Behavioral Assessment, Experiments
Hammond, Jennifer L.; Iwata, Brian A.; Fritz, Jennifer N.; Dempsey, Carrie M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
Fixed momentary schedules of differential reinforcement of other behavior (FM DRO) generally have been ineffective as treatment for problem behavior. Because most early research on FM DRO included presentation of a signal at the end of the DRO interval, it is unclear whether the limited effects of FM DRO were due to (a) the momentary response…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Intervals, Developmental Disabilities, Positive Reinforcement
Dozier, Claudia L.; Iwata, Brian A.; Worsdell, April S. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
Results of a functional analysis indicated that a man diagnosed with autism engaged in bizarre sexual behavior in the presence of women wearing sandals. Several treatments proved to be ineffective or impractical. By contrast, a response-interruption/time-out procedure quickly eliminated the problem behavior in multiple settings. (Contains 1…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Autism, Timeout, Sexuality
Beavers, Gracie A.; Iwata, Brian A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
We examined articles in the "Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis" in which results of functional analyses indicated that problem behavior was maintained by multiple sources of reinforcement. Data for 88 (16.9%) of 521 subjects reported in 168 studies met the criteria for multiple control. Data for 11 subjects (2.1%) involved a single response…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Behavioral Science Research, Research Reports, Literature Reviews
Rooker, Griffin W.; Iwata, Brian A.; Harper, Jill M.; Fahmie, Tara A.; Camp, Erin M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
Functional analysis (FA) methodology is the most precise method for identifying variables that maintain problem behavior. Occasionally, however, results of an FA may be influenced by idiosyncratic sensitivity to aspects of the assessment conditions. For example, data from several studies suggest that inclusion of a tangible condition during an FA…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Reinforcement, Identification, Research Methodology