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Richling, Sarah M.; Williams, W. Larry; Carr, James E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2019
The acquisition of skills by individuals with developmental disabilities typically includes the attainment of a certain mastery criterion. We conducted a survey of practitioners who indicated the most commonly used mastery criterion as 80% accuracy across three consecutive sessions. Based on these results, we conducted a series of three…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Mastery Learning, Skill Development, Correlation
Hanney, Nicole M.; Carr, James E.; LeBlanc, Linda A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2019
Studies on teaching tacts to individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have primarily focused on visual stimuli, despite published clinical recommendations to teach tacts of stimuli in other sensory domains as well. In the current study, two children with ASD were taught to tact auditory stimuli under two stimulus-presentation arrangements:…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Visual Stimuli
Geiger, Kaneen B.; LeBlanc, Linda A.; Hubik, Katie; Jenkins, Sarah R.; Carr, James E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2018
Discrete-trial teaching is an effective teaching procedure that must be implemented with high integrity to produce optimal learning. Behavioral Skills Training (BST) has proven effective for staff training; however, BST is time and labor intensive. Computer-based instruction (CBI) programs may provide a more efficient and cost-effective…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Listening Skills, Comparative Analysis, Instructional Effectiveness
Heinicke, Megan R.; Carr, James E.; Pence, Sacha T.; Zias, Danika R.; Valentino, Amber L.; Falligant, John M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2016
Past research has demonstrated that pictorial preference assessments can predict subsequent reinforcement effects for individuals with developmental disabilities only when access to the selected stimulus is provided contingent on a pictorial selection. The purpose of the present investigation was to assess more comprehensively the feasibility of…
Descriptors: Pictorial Stimuli, Developmental Disabilities, Children, Reinforcement
Grow, Laura L.; Kodak, Tiffany; Carr, James E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2014
Previous research has demonstrated that the conditional-only method (starting with a multiple-stimulus array) is more efficient than the simple-conditional method (progressive incorporation of more stimuli into the array) for teaching receptive labeling to children with autism spectrum disorders (Grow, Carr, Kodak, Jostad, & Kisamore, 2011).…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Teaching Methods, Receptive Language
Heinicke, Megan R.; Carr, James E.; LeBlanc, Linda A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Research on functional response classes has applied significance because less severe forms of problem behavior have been found to co-occur with more severe forms. In addition, the most severe forms of problem behavior are sometimes targeted for intervention without monitoring other less severe forms. In such cases, it is unknown whether and how…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Behavior Problems, Behavior Modification, Intervention
Marchese, Nancy V.; Carr, James E.; LeBlanc, Linda A.; Rosati, Tiffany C.; Conroy, Samantha A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Tact training is a common element of many habilitative programs for individuals with developmental disabilities. A commonly recommended practice is to include a supplemental question (e.g., "What is this?") during training trials for tacts of objects. However, the supplemental question is not a defining feature of the tact relation, and prior…
Descriptors: Autism, Maintenance, Questioning Techniques, Training
Polick, Amy S.; Carr, James E.; Hanney, Nicole M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Descriptive praise has been recommended widely as an important teaching tactic for children with autism, despite the absence of published supporting evidence. We compared the effects of descriptive and general praise on the acquisition and maintenance of intraverbal skills with 2 children with autism. The results showed slight advantages of…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Teaching Methods, Comparative Analysis, Verbal Communication
Bowen, Crystal N.; Shillingsburg, M. Alice; Carr, James E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Mands sometimes are taught using the question "What do you want?" as a supplement to the required features of the mand relation: an establishing operation and a related consequence. Although verbal prompts have been used during mand training, they also may result in undesirable stimulus control. However, no direct empirical evidence exists to…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Autism, Outcomes of Education, Questioning Techniques
Sautter, Rachael A.; LeBlanc, Linda A.; Jay, Allison A.; Goldsmith, Tina R.; Carr, James E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
We examined whether typically developing preschoolers could learn to use a problem-solving strategy that involved self-prompting with intraverbal chains to provide multiple responses to intraverbal categorization questions. Teaching the children to use the problem-solving strategy did not produce significant increases in target responses until…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Preschool Children, Prompting, Classification
Kisamore, April N.; Carr, James E.; LeBlanc, Linda A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
It has been suggested that verbally sophisticated individuals engage in a series of precurrent behaviors (e.g., covert intraverbal behavior, grouping stimuli, visual imagining) to solve problems such as answering questions (Palmer, 1991; Skinner, 1953). We examined the effects of one problem solving strategy--visual imagining--on increasing…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Visualization, Problem Solving, Classification
Grow, Laura L.; Carr, James E.; Kodak, Tiffany M.; Jostad, Candice M.; Kisamore, April N. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
Many early intervention curricular manuals recommend teaching auditory-visual conditional discriminations (i.e., receptive labeling) using the simple-conditional method in which component simple discriminations are taught in isolation and in the presence of a distracter stimulus before the learner is required to respond conditionally. Some have…
Descriptors: Intervention, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Visual Discrimination
Petursdottir, Anna Ingeborg; Carr, James E. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
We review recommendations for sequencing instruction in receptive and expressive language objectives in early and intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) programs. Several books recommend completing receptive protocols before introducing corresponding expressive protocols. However, this recommendation has little empirical support, and some…
Descriptors: Evidence, Direct Instruction, Autism, Expressive Language
Gunby, Kristin V.; Carr, James E.; LeBlanc, Linda A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2010
Three children with autism were taught abduction-prevention skills using behavioral skills training with in situ feedback. All children acquired the skills, which were maintained at a 1-month follow-up assessment. In addition, 1 of the children demonstrated the skills during a stimulus generalization probe in a community setting. (Contains 1…
Descriptors: Autism, Prevention, Stimulus Generalization, Child Safety
Lechago, Sarah A.; Carr, James E.; Grow, Laura L.; Love, Jessa R.; Almason, Season M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2010
The current study extends the literature on teaching mands for information by assessing whether mands generalize across different establishing operations (EOs). Three children with autism were taught to perform multiple behavior chains, 3 of which included a common response (e.g., "Where is the spoon?") used for different purposes. An…
Descriptors: Topography, Autism, Generalization, Behavior Problems
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