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Direct linkJohnson, Eric J.; Avineri, Netta; Johnson, David Cassels – International Multilingual Research Journal, 2017
Hart and Risley's (1995) concept of a "word gap" (aka "language gap") is widely used to describe inferior cognitive development and lower academic achievement as by-products of the language patterns of families from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. In recent decades, this line of deficit research has proliferated and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Academic Achievement, Language Patterns, Economically Disadvantaged
Pettit, Stacie Kae – International Multilingual Research Journal, 2011
This literature review on teachers' beliefs about English language learners (ELLs) in mainstream classrooms is organized into three sections: (a) inservice teachers' existing beliefs, (b) predictors of inservice teachers' beliefs, and (c) the connection between inservice teachers' beliefs and practices. This body of literature points to a clear…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Teaching Experience, English (Second Language), English Language Learners
