This article documents the spontaneous, implicit, and explicit ideological commentary -- what I have termed raciolinguistic metacommentary -- that 17 Latina/o bilingual teacher candidates (TCs) reported encountering in their everyday lives on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. Analysis of data from a one-year critical ethnography shows that…

This paper explores the impact of globalization, and the consequent re-ordering of indexicalities associated with different languages and linguistic practices, on the sociolinguistic repertoires and behaviors of Farsi-English bilingual Iranians in Iran. I focus on the participants' Farsi-English Code-switching (CS) practices and their positionings…

This article examines translanguaging that occurs in and as a community. Expanding the notion of translanguaging, we conceptualize "community translanguaging" as collaborative meaning-making among children, their family and community members, and their collective semiotic resources. Using a family literacy project as the research site,…

We, as multilingual teacher-scholars, had lingering questions about what community programs were doing, operating outside of school contexts, to maintain the bilingualism of racialized, Latinx children in Philadelphia and to resist the monolingual ideologies circulating in US society. To answer those questions, we partnered with a bilingual,…

Employing an ethnographic design, this study analyzes three undergraduate English learners' (ELs) appropriation of language policy at a U.S. university. In this study, ELs refers to bi/multilingual students with U.S. K-12 schooling who do not meet their university's language proficiency requirements, and who are subsequently classified as ELs and…

This study responds to scholarship that has examined "folk concepts" of (non)nativeness through the lens of imagined ideals of the native speaker, by proposing a framework that integrates both ideals and habits. We operationalize these concepts by drawing from the theoretical notions of chronotope, scale, and habitus. Using data from…

In addition to fostering bilingualism and biliteracy for all students, one of the main goals of Two-Way Immersion (TWI) programs is building positive cross-cultural relationships (). This can lead to TWI programs having ambitious goals for the kinds of bridges it can build between students, families, and communities, which is a challenge when the…

The paper reports on the results of a case study of a Year 9 class in a multilingual urban school. The study investigates issues of negotiation, accessibility and (legitimacy of) rights in the classroom's dominant discourse and more specifically the ways in which the Year 9 students of a Private English School in Cyprus negotiate their identity…

This article scrutinizes the concept of "success" in family language policy (henceforth FLP). Situated in three large-scale ethnographic projects, we center on the lived experiences of a parent in three families negotiating a pro-minority language FLP. These parents' experiences are embedded in different sociopolitical contexts: an…

Adopting an online ethnographic approach, we examine the linguistic/semiotic practices and ideologies of "purism" among Tatar and Iranian Azerbaijani Facebook users. We argue that purification practices can be understood as identity work, the outcome of which is often not an etymologically "purer" language but a (perceived)…

Drawing on the concept of figured worlds, we examined how four preservice teachers in a monoglossically oriented teacher preparation program developed their professional identities and sense of agency as dual language teachers. Figured worlds are socially constructed and culturally recognized realms with a story line and actors who also actively…

The purpose of this article is to examine how a first-grade ESL teacher understands teaching and learning as she explores her agency (and that of her students) in implementing and experimenting with project-based instruction (PBI) in her economically, culturally, and linguistically diverse classroom. Utilizing video-cued ethnography and drawing on…

The growth of TWBE programs--mainly due to the surging interest of White English-speaking families--presents the field with myriad challenges and hopeful possibilities. Critical scholars in bilingual education point to an urgency to reissue Guadalupe Valdés's "cautionary note" due to a neoliberal path targeting TWBE programs, posing a…

Based on virtual conversations drawn from two separate intensive ethnographic studies in Bangladesh and Mongolia, we show that popular cultural texts play a significant role in young adults' heteroglossic language practices. On the one hand, they borrow voices from cultural texts and cross the boundaries of language, i.e., codes, modes, and…

This article discusses the findings of an empirical study that investigated the writing practices in a multilingual, rural, fourth-grade classroom in Kenya. The study was undergirded by Bakhtin's heteroglossia. Analysis of texts indicated that these emergent multilinguals used multiple semiotic resources to maximize the chances of meeting the…