N signifies the number of data samples in a study. Traditional research values numerous data samples as this reduces the variability created by extremes. Alternatively, arts-based research privileges the outlier, the N of 1. Oftentimes, what is unique and outside the norm is the focus. There are three approaches to the N of 1 in arts-based research: imaginative forming, teacher research of becoming, and perpetual provoking. These three outlier views of arts-based research conflict with each other, yet Graeme Sullivan's (2010) Framework for Visual Arts Research easily accommodates all three. Furthermore, these approaches are not static. Criteria for assessing the quality of arts-based educational research lie in how imaginatively and dynamically the work moves within Sullivan's Framework. Ultimately, to consider a work of arts-based research as educational, it must engage pragmatic concerns of teaching and classrooms.