Dyslexia and other learning disabilities are not being properly recognized and treated in our educational system or society at large. Unrecognized and untreated learning disabilities represent a serious social and economic problem, not only to the individual but to society as a whole. For example, antisocial behavior, as seen in prison populations and juvenile detention centers (e.g., Grigorenko, 2006; Quinn, Rutherford, Leone, Osher, & Poirier, 2006; Zhang, Barrett, Katsiyannis, & Yoon, 2011), homelessness (Barwick & Siegel, 1996), substance abuse (McClelland, Elkington, Teplin, & Abram, 2004), suicide (McBride & Siegel, 1997), and emotional difficulties (Livingston, Siegel, & Ribary, 2018) are often a result of dyslexia and other learning disabilities that have not been properly identified and/or treated. The system has failed on all levels. It is chaotic and unsystematic, the result of flawed logic and ignorance of, or unwillingness to consider, the available research. In this article, Linda Siegel documents these issues and proposes inexpensive and practical solutions. [William M. Cruickshank Memorial Lecture Delivered at the 2018 Conference of the International Academy for Research in Learning Disabilities.]