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Watkinson, James D. – History of Education Quarterly, 1990
Traces changing concepts of what constituted useful knowledge, especially as revealed in journals, in the United States from 1776 to 1840. Identifies a widening knowledge gap--corresponding with industrialization--between increasingly elitist, specialized learned societies and mechanics/farmers. Argues that as science grew more professionalized,…
Descriptors: Access to Education, Educational History, Elitism, Industrial Arts