Describes the work of Mary Hunt and the Scientific Temperance movement to mandate teaching about the nature of alcohol and narcotics in the public schools. Examines the struggle over organization and planning within the public school system. Discusses organization in the Scientific Temperance movement's response to public school administration and…

Describes the development of the California system of higher education. Discusses the debate between those who wanted a university to educate future leaders and those who urged a system that would stress agriculture and mining. Explores the politics of school boards, the Board of Regents, and the legislature in the state's constitutional…

Reviews Experience Mayhew's book, "Indian Converts" (1727) and changing scholarly interpretations of literacy effects on Native Americans living on Martha's Vineyard. Traces the history of the Mayhew missionary family from 1641 to the 1720s and the establishment of the Indian Library. Examines the cultural implications of literacy and…

Traces the historical development of technical literacy through the establishment of technical institutes in the United States. Relates the development of technical learning to the emerging industrial economy. Explains that instruction required literacy and fundamental mathematical skills. Notes scientific literacy was popularized by magazines…

Discusses changes in the education of middle class British girls during the nineteenth century. Reports that, although girls' education resembled boys' and promoted self-actualization and vocational preparation, an accepted aim was to produce good wives and mothers. Observes that challenges to women's presumed roles were not widespread until later…

Explores the historical bases for turning to education for solutions to U.S. economic problems. Discusses the Founders' dream of an educated republic, the nineteenth-century origins of public education, and the Progressive era view of schools as laboring communities in miniature. Addresses the implications for contemporary education. (SG)

Discusses the work of Isaac Edwards Clarke, an influential nineteenth-century U.S. education official. Reports that Clarke encouraged instruction in drawing as an important industrial skill. Indicates that, although interest in industrial drawing as an important aspect of art education waned by 1900, Clarke's influence continued to be felt. (SG)

Traces the history of kindergartens in Japan. Maintains that the Japanese government embraced the concept and modified it to encourage modernization. Includes 10 photographs of wood block prints showing how Friedrich Froebel's moral lessons were replicated in Japanese settings. (CFR)