Argues that many of the colonial religious and political leaders received their advanced schooling in small academies created and run by schoolmasters trained in Ireland and Scotland. Traces the dissemination of Scots-Irish Enlightenment ideas from these academies through their counterparts in colonial America. (MJP)

Investigates the effects of urbanization on the University of Glasgow, Scotland, by examining the origins, university courses, and subsequent careers of Glasgow students between 1860 and 1914. Illuminates the educational patterns of working and middle class youth. Concludes that the University provided a channel from industry and commerce into the…