Examines how the First World War prompted British museums to change their educational functions. Discusses museums in pre-war Britain, wartime exhibitions and educational activities, the outcome of the war experience, and First World War's implications for education in museums. (GEA)

Recounts the history of chemistry instruction in English higher education, particularly the development of technical, or industrial, chemistry. Describes attempts to develop independent courses and departments of technical chemistry in the second half of the 19th century and the difficulties experienced. Extends the discussion to applied science…

Examines the social and intellectual development of Anne Jemima Clough, an early participant in the women's education movement in England. Explores Clough's decision to work for change within the established gender system, rather than outside of it. Suggests that Clough deserves greater historical recognition than she has received. (DSK)

Shows that despite moves during the 1840s in England to use teacher training to raise working-class members into the lower levels of white-collar society, elementary teaching was dominated by the lower middle class. Provides evidence from a sample of pupil teachers in Birmingham during the years 1850 through 1900. (DSK)

Discusses conflicts between labor and education authorities in the United Kingdom during the early part of the 20th century. Examines the case of conflicting authorities in Liverpool (England) and asks whether the rivalry over juvenile employment was simply a proxy for other local, rather than national, rivalries. (DSK)

Explores the "failure" of women to expand their share of university education in the United Kingdom after World War II. Inquires about women's opportunities for financing their education and the extent to which such an investment would have been worthwhile in terms of potential employment advantages it might confer. (DSK)

Recounts the efforts of the Australian government to create an atomic research and development program after World War II. Describes initial cooperation with Britain and the push for the transformation of Australian higher and secondary education in service of national scientific development. Discusses effects of the end of Commonwealth…

Gives a detailed examination of classical education in New South Wales prior to 1850. Describes how the emphasis on teaching the classical tradition, prevalent in British educational institutions, ensured its presence in the new colonial schools, but not with the same priority due to the need for more utilitarian subjects. (DSK)

Offers a critical reinterpretation of the development of Finnish popular adult education from 1890 to 1939, a period marked by great turbulence. Breaks with traditional analyses by presenting a sociohistorical contextualization of the conceptual relations expressed in ideological discourses and cultural practices associated with popular adult…

Begins with a brief summary of contemporary thought about, and developments in, coeducation and the overlapping topic of girls' schooling in 19th-century Russia. Makes references to, and comparisons with, contemporary debates in England and the United States. Concludes by discussing developments in coeducation in the Stalinist period. (DSK)

Investigates how the national problem of Cyprus, and its development, affected educational policy and consequently the secondary-school curriculum. Argues that curriculum choices were largely determined by the political situation in Cyprus, and shows that the philosophy of secondary education was shaped under pressure from monolithic cultural…

Examines the work of 18th-century educational reformer Anna Barbauld. Traces her links to other radical reform circles including the dissenting academy of Warrington, radical circles in East Anglia, Stoke Newington, the publisher Joseph Johnson, and Joseph and Mary Priestly. Discusses the impact of these groups on early 19th-century education.…

Offers a first appraisal of the life and work of George Collins, a leading figure in the unionization of school teachers in late-19th-century England. Discusses his impact on the prescribed social status of teachers, the organization of teachers into associations for mutual improvement, and the formation of national educational policies. (DSK)

Examines educational preferences of workers in England's North-East coal mining districts in the late 19th-century. Contrasts views of worker preferences represented in the memoirs of socialist labor organizers with the preferences recorded in votes of working-class members of local school boards. Finds a strong conservatism in many areas of…

Discusses the English Reform Movement of the 1880s and 1890s that attempted to revolutionize methods of modern language instruction by teaching them as living languages. Presents precedents of the Reform Movement, its principles and proponents, reactions to Reform methods, and the impact of the Reform Movement on schools. (DSK)