The past years have witnessed a growing trend in applied research in Vocational Education and Training (VET), which refers to investigative activities and services conducted by VET organisations which have a strong practical focus on solving real-life problems. Insights from applied research can be used to develop or improve products and services,…

This report is the 2023 edition of the annual cross-country overview of highlights from evidence that the European Training Foundation (ETF) is collecting on trends and developments in education, training and employment across its partner countries in Central Asia, South Eastern Europe and Türkiye (SEET), the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean…

Driven by social, economic and technological changes, labour markets are becoming more flexible in the European Union and its neighbourhing countries. This translates into growth in novel employment relationships, which differ from 'traditional work' in terms of working conditions, content, and regulatory and legal ramifications. Conducted between…

Qualifications frameworks are tools for describing qualifications of an education or training system by classifying them into levels. Each level provides a clear description of what the holder of a qualification knows, understands and is able to do. They are important tools for making qualifications transparent and comprehensible, within and…

Qualifications frameworks are tools for describing qualifications of an education or training system by classifying them into levels. Each level provides a clear description of what the holder of a qualification knows, understands and is able to do. They are important tools for making qualifications transparent and comprehensible, within and…

Micro-credentials are an emerging phenomenon all over the world. They are seen as instrumental in supporting upskilling and reskilling in response to transformations in labour markets. New technologies and the green and digital transition are changing skills demand , and for such a transition, people will need to keep up-to-date and ensure their…

This report provides the main findings and results from the 2022 collection of statistics on education, skills and employment in the ETF's partner countries. In addition, it provides the results of some ETF new strands of work: youth transition and skills mismatch. A statistical snapshot enabling the EU's candidate countries to reference…

This report presents an overview of policies and actions in support of lifelong learning in the ETF's partner countries in South Eastern Europe and Turkey, Central Asia, the Eastern Partnership region, and the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean. Our analysis explores the extent to which the creation of lifelong learning opportunities is a priority…

Interested in managing existing work-based learning schemes by incorporating monitoring and evaluation methods? Following a brief discussion of the concept of work-based learning, this handbook presents the rationale for monitoring and evaluation as part of good governance. The functioning of work-based learning schemes is represented by a process…

The European Training Foundation (ETF) has created a network of vocational schools and centres that aim for excellence: the ETF Network for Excellence (ENE). Its members are vocational education providers that wish to learn from each other, collaborate, improve their practice, introduce innovation, establish partnerships and provide support to…

Education and training systems need the right tools and processes to plan and develop their digital capacity. SELFIE for work-based learning (SELFIE WBL) provides one such tool. SELFIE stands for self-reflection on effective learning by fostering the use of innovative educational technologies. SELFIE WBL is a self-reflection tool for vocational…

The Self-reflection on Effective Learning by Fostering the use of Innovative Educational technologies (SELFIE) tool has been implemented in Georgia since 2018. In 2020 the Ministry of Education, Science, (MoES) expressed its interest in piloting the SELFIE Work-Based Learning (WBL) tool designed specifically for the WBL context in Vocational…

The pilot of SELFIE for work-based learning (SELFIE WBL) in Montenegro is part of a multi-country initiative. SELFIE WBL is a self-reflection tool for schools seeking to improve their digital capacity. It has been developed by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC). The JRC has organised the overall pan-European pilot of SELFIE WBL,…

The Self-reflection on Effective Learning by Fostering the use of Innovative Educational technologies (SELFIE) tool was piloted in the Republic of Serbia (hereafter Serbia) in 2017 and scaled up in early 2019. At the beginning of 2020, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) developed a new version of SELFIE specifically focusing on…

The SELFIE WBL pilot project started in Turkey in July 2020. SELFIE WBL is a new SELFIE module for VET schools that involves in-company trainers. It provides a self-reflection tool for VET schools to improve their digital capacity. Aggregate data obtained from the tool can also be used to inform the Ministry of National Education's (MoNE's)…