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Darnon, Celine; Butera, Fabrizio; Mugny, Gabriel; Quiamzade, Alain; Hulleman, Chris S. – European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2009
Classroom research on achievement goals has revealed that performance-approach goals (goals to outperform others) positively predict exam performance whereas performance-avoidance goals (goals not to perform more poorly than others) negatively predict it. Because prior classroom research has primarily utilized multiple-choice exam performance, the…
Descriptors: Goal Orientation, Performance, Verbal Tests, Difficulty Level