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Xiaoxia Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Tsz Lun Chu; Joonyoung Lee; Tao Zhang – Elementary School Journal, 2024
This study was to evaluate weight status and sociodemographic disparities in physical activity (PA) intensities (i.e., vigorous PA [VPA], moderate PA [MPA], and light PA [LPA]) during different segments of the school day, including physical education (PE), recess, and lunchtime. Participants were 287 third-grade students (Mage = 8.38, SD = 0.50).…
Descriptors: Physical Activities, Physical Activity Level, School Schedules, Time Factors (Learning)
Carol Lynn Martin; Sonya Xinyue Xiao; Richard A. Fabes; Laura D. Hanish; Dawn DeLay; Krista Oswalt – Elementary School Journal, 2024
Boys and girls sit together in most classrooms, but do they interact? Based on 40-year-old evidence, coeducational classes may not be coeducational but instead segregated by gender, which may undermine student success. Our goal is to answer this question in today's classrooms. We used longitudinal data to assess gender segregation in 26 classes in…
Descriptors: Coeducation, Elementary Schools, Elementary School Students, Grade 3
Terry, Nicole Patton; Gatlin-Nash, Brandy; Webb, Mi-Young; Summy, S. Rebecca; Raines, Rhonda – Elementary School Journal, 2023
Nearly 30 years ago, Chall, Jacobs, and Baldwin introduced the fourth-grade slump to describe the unexpected deceleration of reading skills between first and fourth grades among children growing up in poverty and low-income households. Advances in our understanding of reading development and how race, racism, or other forms of discrimination are…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Blacks, African American Students, Grade 1
White, Zainab U.; Toste, Jessica R.; Filderman, Marissa J. – Elementary School Journal, 2023
Literacy is essential to the development of any nation. Despite foreign aid to support education initiatives in Africa, high rates of illiteracy persist. This synthesis examined the extent to which early literacy intervention research has been conducted in Africa and the effects of these interventions on reading outcomes for students in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Kindergarten, Young Children, Elementary School Students
Toste, Jessica R.; McLean, Leigh; Peng, Peng; Didion, Lisa; Filderman, Marissa J.; Sparapani, Nicole; Connor, Carol McDonald – Elementary School Journal, 2023
Small-group instruction has the potential to support students' reading growth. Teachers can use knowledge of students' skill profiles to inform the types and amounts of instruction they provide; however, the extent to which teachers do this is largely unknown. Among first (n = 661) and third graders (n = 364), we investigated whether (1) teacher…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 1, Grade 3, Elementary School Teachers
(Re)Learning What It Means to Participate: "Bringing Student and Teacher Perspectives into Dialogue"
Hinestroza, José Martínez – Elementary School Journal, 2022
Previous research on participation in mathematics classrooms has focused on adults' perspectives, which overemphasize the role of talk. Drawing on sociocultural theory, I define participation as a complex and situated phenomenon. I describe a participatory research collaboration where a Spanish immersion third-grade teacher, and I brought the…
Descriptors: Student Participation, Teacher Role, Mathematics Education, Grade 3
Liebfreund, Meghan D.; Porter, Stephen R.; Amendum, Steven J.; Starcke, Matt A. – Elementary School Journal, 2022
The present study employed a difference-in-difference approach to determine the impact of a technologically enhanced diagnostic and formative assessment system implemented in one US state in kindergarten through third grade on school-level end-of-year third-grade reading test scores and percentage of students receiving special education services.…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 3, Reading Tests, Scores
Broemmel, Amy D.; Rigell, Amanda; Swafford, K. Journey – Elementary School Journal, 2022
This multicase study seeks to privilege teachers' voices related to their experiences within a year-long job-embedded professional development (PD) program. The district initiated the request for PD, which was negotiated and provided by a literacy educator from a nearby university. Eleven second- and third-grade teachers and the language arts…
Descriptors: Elementary School Teachers, Grade 2, Grade 3, Faculty Development
Hall, Colby; Capin, Philip; Vaughn, Sharon; Gillam, Sandra L.; Wada, Rebekah; Fall, Anna-Mária; Roberts, Greg; Dille, Jordan T.; Gillam, Ronald B. – Elementary School Journal, 2021
This study examined the amount and types of narrative instruction (i.e., story comprehension, oral storytelling, and story writing instruction) that general education English language arts teachers provide to students in grades 1 through 4. The research team conducted 121 approximately 30-minute classroom observations. Educators were asked to…
Descriptors: Language Arts, English Teachers, Grade 1, Grade 2
García, Georgia Earnest; Taylor, Barbara M.; Pearson, P. David; Bray, Teresa Méndez; Primeaux, Joan; Mora, Raúl Alberto – Elementary School Journal, 2021
A mixed-design study investigated how teachers and second/third- and fourth-grade bilingual students in three high-poverty schools responded to dialogic cognitive strategy instruction or dialogic responsive engagement (RE) instruction compared with a treated control (vocabulary). The second graders were taught in Spanish, and the fourth graders…
Descriptors: Instructional Improvement, Reading Instruction, Reading Comprehension, Bilingual Students
Hale, Elizabeth; Kim, James S. – Elementary School Journal, 2020
This study examined teachers' spontaneous low-level comprehension questions in script-supported informational read alouds, with a secondary analysis on the relationship between low- and high-level comprehension questions. Participants came from a predetermined subsample of 34 teachers and 824 third-grade students. Results revealed notable…
Descriptors: Elementary School Teachers, Elementary School Students, Grade 3, Questioning Techniques
Goodrich, J. Marc; Hebert, Michael; Savaiano, Mackenzie; Andress, Tim T. – Elementary School Journal, 2020
Research indicates that sentence-combining instruction is effective for improving writing outcomes; however, no studies to date have examined the effects of sentence-combining instruction on the writing skills of Spanish-speaking language-minority (LM) students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of explicit…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Sentences, Writing Skills, Spanish Speaking
Bush, Sarah B.; Cook, Kristin L.; Edelen, Daniel; Cox, Richard, Jr. – Elementary School Journal, 2020
The inclusion of the arts into science, technology, engineering, the arts, and mathematics (STEAM) has recently gained much national attention. The purpose of this qualitative study was to conduct a thematic analysis of student STEAM survey open responses to provide the field with an examination of grades 3-5 elementary students' perceptions of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, STEM Education, Art Education, Grade 3
Guo, Daibao; Wright, Katherine Landau; McTigue, Erin M. – Elementary School Journal, 2018
Although visual complexity is increasing and graphics are essential to support readers' comprehension of disciplinary texts, visual literacy receives scant attention. Research suggests that effectively instructing students to interpret discipline-specific graphics would yield better comprehension. However, before this line of inquiry can be…
Descriptors: Content Analysis, Textbooks, Elementary School Students, Science Instruction
Sheridan, Susan M.; Witte, Amanda L.; Kunz, Gina M.; Wheeler, Lorey A.; Angell, Samantha R.; Lester, Houston F. – Elementary School Journal, 2018
The efficacy of conjoint behavioral consultation (CBC), a family-school partnership intervention, for teachers' practices and process skills was evaluated. Participants were 152 teachers of grades K-3 in 45 Midwest rural schools randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions. Treatment group teachers participated in an 8- to 10-week CBC…
Descriptors: Rural Schools, Educational Practices, Intervention, Experimental Groups