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Attali, Yigal; Laitusis, Cara; Stone, Elizabeth – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2016
There are many reasons to believe that open-ended (OE) and multiple-choice (MC) items elicit different cognitive demands of students. However, empirical evidence that supports this view is lacking. In this study, we investigated the reactions of test takers to an interactive assessment with immediate feedback and answer-revision opportunities for…
Descriptors: Test Items, Questioning Techniques, Differences, Student Reaction
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Carter, Jacquelyn; Michael, William B. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1995
The Effective School Function Inventory was constructed to operationalize the major constructs of efficient school operation. An analysis with 124 teachers identified 4 meaningful factors: (1) supportive collegial interaction; (2) cooperative facilitation of goal attainment in learning/sharing; (3) morally oriented leadership; and (4)…
Descriptors: Cooperation, Educational Environment, Effective Schools Research, Instructional Leadership