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Ng, Pak Tee – Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 2012
School leadership is an important factor in educational reform and school transformation. This article aims to examine the challenges of school leadership in Singapore through the lens of the Fourth Way. In particular, this article makes reference to three messages in the Fourth Way and examines the paradoxes and challenges faced by school leaders…
Descriptors: Democracy, Educational Change, Foreign Countries, Instructional Leadership
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Lai, Manhong; Lo, Leslie N. K. – Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 2006
In 1985, the Chinese Mainland introduced a policy of decentralization in order to help facilitate the spread of basic education. By looking specifically at the developmental experiences of Shanghai and Shenzhen, we can gain an in depth understanding of the specific circumstances incurred under new education reforms. While undergoing…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Administrative Organization, Foreign Countries, Vocational Education