In contemporary ways of thinking about education there is an enhanced focus on individual students' results and less on students' collaborative processes for attaining good results. This may appear peculiar, given that the Swedish curriculum for the nine-year compulsory school states that students should be given opportunities to compose texts…

Student learning outcomes have been used to measure a teacher's accountability for student learning in the evaluation of teacher effectiveness. This study employed a survey research design and investigated the views of teachers and administrators regarding using student learning objectives (SLOs) and classroom observations in the evaluation of…

The use of data for governance purposes has been widely recognised as a way for national authorities to coordinate their activities across administrative levels and improve educational quality. This places the mid-central authority--in many countries the municipal level--in the midst of modern education governing. This article reports a case study…

Although studies have been conducted on educators' perceptions of assessment practices, few studies explored students' perceptions of the ethical issues in classroom assessment. A mixed design research method was used to examine factors associated with students' perceptions of the ethicality of classroom assessment practices. A sample of 1996…

Over the past three decades, policy and professional standards have repeatedly called teachers to integrate assessment continuously across their practice in various ways to identify, monitor, support, evaluate, and report on student learning. Educational researchers have conceptualized and operationalized multiple constructs to understand…

One of the main aims of national assessment programmes is to improve the efficacy of education systems; realizing this aim often takes the form of implementing a variety of accountability measures. Using assessment results for accountability purposes is highly controversial, while one of its undesirable impacts is that it generates negative…

The potential of feedback to enhance students' performance on a task, strategies, or learning has long been recognized in the literature. However, feedback needs to be utilized by a learner to realize its potential. Hence, examining student perceptions of feedback and their links to effective uptake of feedback has been the focus of much recent…

This study examined differences in the assessment criteria used by the USA and Spanish university instructors to assign course grades. The US sample included two hundred and fifty course syllabi (159 from universities and 91 from 4-year colleges) developed by randomly selected instructors from five academic disciplines (education, math, science,…

Due to the unprecedented COVID-19 incident, higher education institutions have faced different challenges in their teaching-learning activities. Particularly conducting assessments remotely during COVID-19 has posed extraordinary challenges for higher education institutions owing to lack of preparation superimposed with the inherent problems of…

Global mobility and economic and political crises in some parts of the world have fuelled migration and brought new constellations of 'cultural diversity' to European classrooms (OECD 2019). This produces new challenges for teaching, but also for assessment in which cultural biases may have far-reaching consequences for the students' further…

There is no question that teachers nowadays are challenged to adapt their teaching practices to the needs that arise from increasing diversity in the current classroom. Since effective teaching asks for alignment between teaching and assessment practices, the increasing diversity challenges teachers' assessment practices and schools' assessment…

Across the world, teachers' classroom assessment tasks and responsibilities are becoming more diverse due to increased migration. In this review, we address how migrant students are affected by assessment, both summative and formative, at the classroom level, with a focus on culturally responsive assessment (CRA). Previous research has shown that…

Assessments and examinations play a critical role in certifying student achievement in secondary education. Prompted by concerns about the negative effects of examinations on curriculum, teaching and learning, elements of School-Based Assessment (SBA) have been introduced into certification systems, sometimes modelled on practice in other…

We sought to understand how teachers' perspectives on standards-based instructional practices, classroom assessment, and external testing do or do not show coherence and alignment. Based on survey methods (n = 155) and interviews with a sample of secondary school teachers (n = 9) in a large urban district in the USA, we explored general trends and…

Learning-oriented assessment (LOA), a concept coined by Carless, has emerged in Europe, Canada, the USA, and the Asia-Pacific Region as an alternative assessment methodology. LOA evolved from both summative assessment and formative assessment, and its framework comprises three integrated components, assessment for learning, assessment as learning,…