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Direct linkKnauer, Heather A.; Kariger, Patricia; Jakiela, Pamela; Ozier, Owen; Fernald, Lia C. H. – Developmental Science, 2019
In many low- and middle-income countries, young children learn a mother tongue or indigenous language at home before entering the formal education system where they will need to understand and speak a country's official language(s). Thus, assessments of children before school age, conducted in a nation's official language, may not fully reflect a…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, African Languages, Rural Areas, English (Second Language)
