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Tânia Fernandes; Sofia Velasco; Isabel Leite – Developmental Science, 2024
Discrimination of reversible mirrored letters (e.g., d and b) poses a challenge when learning to read as it requires overcoming "mirror invariance," an evolutionary-old perceptual tendency of processing mirror images as equivalent. The present study investigated "when," in reading development, mirror-image discrimination…
Descriptors: Grade 2, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5
Emily McDougal; Priya Silverstein; Oscar Treleaven; Lewis Jerrom; Katie Gilligan-Lee; Camilla Gilmore; Emily K. Farran – Developmental Science, 2024
Abstract Lego construction ability is associated with a variety of spatial skills and mathematical outcomes. However, it is unknown whether these relations are causal. We aimed to establish the causal impact of Lego construction training on: Lego construction ability; a broad range of spatial skills; and on mathematical outcomes in 7-9-year-olds.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Grade 2, Grade 3, Elementary School Students
Nicolas Masson; Valérie Dormal; Martine Stephany; Christine Schiltz – Developmental Science, 2024
Adults shift their attention to the right or to the left along a spatial continuum when solving additions and subtractions, respectively. Studies suggest that these shifts not only support the exact computation of the results but also anticipatively narrow down the range of plausible answers when processing the operands. However, little is known…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Attention, Addition, Subtraction
Zhao, Li; Li, Yingying; Sun, Wenjin; Zheng, Yi; Harris, Paul L. – Developmental Science, 2023
There is extensive research on the development of cheating in early childhood but research on how to reduce it is rare. The present preregistered study examined whether telling young children about a story character's emotional reactions towards cheating could significantly reduce their tendency to cheat (N = 400; 199 boys; Age: 3-6 years).…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Ethics, Cheating, Incidence
Barnes, Sophie P.; Jones, Stephanie M.; Bailey, Rebecca – Developmental Science, 2023
For many years, researchers studied executive functions (EFs) in the laboratory with a focus on understanding an individual child's development and brain processes in a controlled environment. Building on this foundational research, there is a growing interest in EFs in the context of a child's dynamic, social world, and the contextual and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Child Development, Young Children, Kindergarten
Wang, Fang; Nguyen, Quynh Trang H.; Kaneshiro, Blair; Hasak, Lindsey; Wang, Angie M.; Toomarian, Elizabeth Y.; Norcia, Anthony M.; McCandliss, Bruce D. – Developmental Science, 2023
There are multiple levels of processing relevant to reading that vary in their visual, sublexical, and lexical orthographic processing demands. Segregating distinct cortical sources for each of these levels has been challenging in EEG studies of early readers. To address this challenge, we applied recent advances in analyzing high-density EEG…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Language Processing, Kindergarten, Emergent Literacy
Wilkey, Eric D.; Shanley, Lina; Sabb, Fred; Ansari, Daniel; Cohen, Jason C.; Men, Virany; Heller, Nicole A.; Clarke, Ben – Developmental Science, 2022
Children's ability to discriminate nonsymbolic number (e.g., the number of items in a set) is a commonly studied predictor of later math skills. Number discrimination improves throughout development, but what drives this improvement is unclear. Competing theories suggest that it may be due to a sharpening numerical representation or an improved…
Descriptors: Numbers, Mathematics Skills, Predictor Variables, Number Concepts
Muñez, David; Bull, Rebecca; Lee, Kerry – Developmental Science, 2022
In this study (n = 1000, M[subscript age at K1entry] = 53.4 months, SD = 3.4; 53% females), we investigated the contributions of the family socioeconomic status (SES; maternal education and an income-related measure) and number and age of siblings to the development of children's math, reading, and working memory (WM) updating skills over the…
Descriptors: Mothers, Parent Education, Siblings, Cognitive Development
Koepp, Andrew E.; Gershoff, Elizabeth T. – Developmental Science, 2022
This paper used a nationally representative sample of children from the United States to examine the extent to which physical activity and sports participation may promote growth in children's executive functions (EFs), attention, and social self-control over time. Using data from the ECLS-K:2011 (N = 18,174), findings indicated that regular…
Descriptors: Physical Activity Level, Executive Function, Self Control, Team Sports
McCoy, Dana Charles; Koepp, Andrew E.; Jones, Stephanie M.; Bodrova, Elena; Leong, Deborah J.; Deaver, Abigail Hemenway – Developmental Science, 2022
Prior work has conceptualized children's executive function and self-regulation skills as relatively stable across short periods of time. Grounded in long-standing contextual theories of human development, this study introduces a new observational tool for measuring children's regulatory skills across different naturally occurring situations…
Descriptors: Young Children, Executive Function, Self Management, Early Childhood Education
Reilly, Shannon E.; Downer, Jason T.; Grimm, Kevin J. – Developmental Science, 2022
Executive functions (EF) are key predictors of long-term success that develop rapidly in early childhood. However, EF's developmental trajectory from preschool to kindergarten is not fully understood due to conceptual ambiguity (e.g., whether it is a single construct or multiple related constructs) and methodological limitations (e.g., previous…
Descriptors: Child Development, Developmental Stages, Executive Function, Preschool Children
Zeytinoglu, Selin; Calkins, Susan D.; Leerkes, Esther M. – Developmental Science, 2022
This study examined autonomic profiles in preschoolers (N = 278, age = 4.7 years) and their relations to self-regulation outcomes concurrently and one year later, in kindergarten. Children's sympathetic (preejection period [PEP]) and parasympathetic activity (respiratory sinus arrythmia [RSA]) were measured at rest and during cognitive and…
Descriptors: Profiles, Preschool Children, Self Control, Kindergarten
McKay, Courtney; Wijeakumar, Sobanawartiny; Rafetseder, Eva; Shing, Yee Lee – Developmental Science, 2022
Children show marked improvements in executive functioning (EF) between 4 and 7 years of age. In many societies, this time period coincides with the start of formal school education, in which children are required to follow rules in a structured environment, drawing heavily on EF processes such as inhibitory control. This study aimed to…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Self Control, Kindergarten, Young Children
Schaeffer, Marjorie W.; Rozek, Christopher S.; Maloney, Erin A.; Berkowitz, Talia; Levine, Susan C.; Beilock, Sian L. – Developmental Science, 2021
A solid foundation in math is important for children's long-term academic success. Many factors influence children's math learning--including the math content students are taught in school, the quality of their instruction, and the math attitudes of students' teachers. Using a large and diverse sample of first-grade students (n = 551), we…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Anxiety, Mathematics Achievement, Correlation
Muñez, David; Bull, Rebecca; Lee, Kerry – Developmental Science, 2021
Growing evidence suggests that parents' practices contribute to their children's cognitive development and that such practices may reflect SES disparities. This study investigated longitudinal interrelations between home mathematics environment (HME), children's math achievement, and two facets of SES (mother's educational attainment and household…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Family Environment, Mathematics Education, Mathematics Achievement