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Yip, Sai-Kit Eason; Wong, Tin-Yau Terry; Kwan, Kam-Tai – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Understanding of the complement principle has been proposed as closely related to computational skills, but few studies have investigated their interrelations. The present longitudinal study attempted to clarify the picture by examining their potential cross-lagged relation. Fourth graders (n = 221) in Hong Kong received 3 cognitive assessments at…
Descriptors: Computation, Thinking Skills, Grade 4, Elementary School Students
Leonard, Julia A.; Cordrey, Skyler R.; Liu, Hunter Z.; Mackey, Allyson P. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Learning requires effort, but children cannot try hard at everything. Here, we evaluated whether children use their improvement over time to decide whether to stick with a challenge. To eliminate the effect of individual differences in ability or prior knowledge, we created a novel paradigm that allowed us to surreptitiously control children's…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Performance, Improvement, Difficulty Level
Lee, Tae Kyoung; Wickrama, Kandauda A. S.; O'Neal, Catherine Walker; Neppl, Tricia K.; Reeb, Ben T. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Because sequential patterns of multiple transition events (i.e., college graduation, full-time employment, marriage, and parenthood) are associated with turning points in depressive symptom trajectories during young adulthood, the present study used a sample of 446 White adolescents (52.3% females; 15.58 years old, on average) over 18 years (1992…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Change, Depression (Psychology), Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Pan, Xinyu S.; Li, Chen; Watts, Tyler W. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
The current article examines associations between preschool cognitive and behavioral skills and indicators of college enrollment in a sample (n = 379) of primarily Black and Hispanic youth growing up in low-income areas of Chicago. Although we found that most early cognitive and behavioral skills were only weakly or moderately related to later…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Thinking Skills, Behavior Patterns, College Enrollment
Fuke, Taissa S. S.; Kamber, Ege; Alunni, Melissa; Mahy, Caitlin E. V. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Little is known about the development of procrastination, the tendency to postpone undesirable but necessary tasks, during early childhood. Only one study has measured procrastination behavior in preschool children using a single behavioral task (Sutter et al., 2018). Thus, the present study investigated the emergence and development of everyday…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Time Management, Child Behavior, Executive Function
Almeida, David M.; Rush, Jonathan; Mogle, Jacqueline; Piazza, Jennifer R.; Cerino, Eric; Charles, Susan T. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
This study examined age-related patterns in exposure and affective reactivity to daily stressors across a 20-year time span among adults who were between 22 and 77 years old at their baseline interview. Longitudinal data from the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE) consisted of three bursts of eight consecutive nightly interviews of stress…
Descriptors: Adults, Stress Variables, Affective Behavior, Responses
Zhao, Xin; Yang, Xin – Developmental Psychology, 2023
High achievers vary in terms of the constraints and difficulties they encounter on the road to success. The present study investigates whether and how children consider the constraints one overcomes in their beliefs and reasoning about academic achievement. Four- to nine-year-olds (N = 98, 57 girls, 41 boys) and their parents (N = 92, 80 females,…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Beliefs, Foreign Countries, Academic Ability
Geary, David C.; Hoard, Mary K.; Nugent, Lara – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Adolescents' (n = 342, 169 boys) general algebra and algebra word problems performance were assessed in 9th grade as were intelligence, academic achievement, working memory, and spatial abilities in prior grades. The adolescents reported on their academic attitudes and anxiety and their teachers reported on their in-class attentive behavior in 7th…
Descriptors: Males, Algebra, Word Problems (Mathematics), Spatial Ability
Pauen, Sabina; Peykarjou, Stefanie – Developmental Psychology, 2023
This study explores how 7-month-old infants categorize graphical images varying in basic perceptual features by using a fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) task. Most participants were Caucasian and their parents had a higher education, but the family's socioeconomic background was mixed. Experiment 1 (N = 23) tested brain responses to…
Descriptors: Infants, Classification, Comparative Analysis, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Chuey, Aaron; Lockhart, Kristi; Trouche, Emmanuel; Keil, Frank – Developmental Psychology, 2023
As adults, we intuitively understand how others' goals influence their information-seeking preferences. For example, you might recommend a dense book full of mechanistic details to someone trying to learn about a topic in-depth, but a more lighthearted book filled with surprising stories to someone seeking entertainment. Moreover, you might do…
Descriptors: Young Children, Adults, Inferences, Preferences
Edgar, Elizabeth V.; Todd, James Torrence; Eschman, Bret; Hayes, Timothy; Bahrick, Lorraine E. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Recent research has demonstrated that individual differences in infant attention to faces and voices of women speaking predict language outcomes in childhood. These findings have been generated using two new audiovisual attention assessments appropriate for infants and young children, the Multisensory Attention Assessment Protocol (MAAP) and the…
Descriptors: English, Spanish, Infants, Attention
Langley, Matthew D.; Van Houghton, Kaitlin; McBeath, Michael K.; Lucca, Kelsey – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Adults have a vertical attention bias (VAB) that directs their focus toward object tops and scene bottoms. This is consistent with focusing attention on the informative aspects and affordances of the environment, and generally favoring a downward gaze. The smaller size of children, combined with their relatively limited interactions with objects…
Descriptors: Attention, Bias, Young Children, Adults
Koepp, Andrew E.; Watts, Tyler W.; Gershoff, Elizabeth T.; Ahmed, Sammy F.; Davis-Kean, Pamela; Duncan, Greg J.; Kuhfeld, Megan; Vandell, Deborah L. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
This study is a conceptual replication of a widely cited study by Moffitt et al. (2011) which found that attention and behavior problems in childhood (a composite of impulsive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive-aggressive behaviors labeled "self-control") predicted adult financial status, health, and criminal activity. Using data…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Behavior Problems, Attention Deficit Disorders, Child Behavior
Leib, Elena R.; Starr, Ariel; Younger, Jessica Wise; Bunge, Silvia A.; Uncapher, Melina R.; Rosenberg-Lee, Miriam – Developmental Psychology, 2023
The present study tests two predictions stemming from the hypothesis that a source of difficulty with rational numbers is interference from whole number magnitude knowledge. First, inhibitory control should be an independent predictor of fraction understanding, even after controlling for working memory. Second, if the source of interference is…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Fractions, Mathematical Concepts, Knowledge Level
Devlin, Brianna L.; Hornburg, Caroline Byrd; McNeil, Nicole M. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
A longitudinal study was conducted to identify unique sources of individual differences in later understanding of the equal sign as a relational symbol of equivalence (i.e., formal understanding of mathematical equivalence). The sample included 141 children from a mid-sized city in the Midwestern United States (M[subscript age] = 6 years, 2 months…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Grade 2, Elementary School Students, Predictor Variables