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Godwin, Karrie E.; Leroux, Audrey J.; Seltman, Howard; Scupelli, Peter; Fisher, Anna V. – Cognitive Science, 2022
Prior research suggests that visual features of the classroom environment (e.g., charts and posters) are potential sources of distraction hindering children's ability to maintain attention to instructional activities and reducing learning gains in a laboratory classroom. However, prior research only examined short-term exposure to elements of…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Attention Span, Habituation, Classroom Environment
McGregor, Karla K.; Smolak, Erin; Jones, Michelle; Oleson, Jacob; Eden, Nichole; Arbisi-Kelm, Timothy; Pomper, Ronald – Cognitive Science, 2022
Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) served as a test case for determining the role of extant vocabulary knowledge, endogenous attention, and phonological working memory abilities in cross-situational word learning. First-graders (M[subscript age] = 7 years; 3 months), 44 with typical development (TD) and 28 with DLD, completed a…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 1, Developmental Disabilities, Language Impairments
Wade, Shirlene; Kidd, Celeste – Cognitive Science, 2018
Certain social context features (e.g., maternal presence) are known to increase young children's exploration, a key process by which they learn. Yet limited research investigates the role of social context, especially peer presence, in exploration across development. We investigate whether the effect of peer presence on exploration is mediated by…
Descriptors: Cultural Differences, Play, Child Development, Peer Influence
Lyons, Emily McLaughlin; Simms, Nina; Begolli, Kreshnik N.; Richland, Lindsey E. – Cognitive Science, 2018
Stereotype threat--a situational context in which individuals are concerned about confirming a negative stereotype--is often shown to impact test performance, with one hypothesized mechanism being that cognitive resources are temporarily co-opted by intrusive thoughts and worries, leading individuals to underperform despite high content knowledge…
Descriptors: Stereotypes, African American Students, Elementary School Students, Grade 5
Van de Vondervoort, Julia W.; Friedman, Ori – Cognitive Science, 2015
Understanding ownership rights is necessary for socially appropriate behavior. We provide evidence that preschoolers' and adults' judgments of ownership rights are related to their judgments of bodily rights. Four-year-olds (n = 70) and adults (n = 89) evaluated the acceptability of harmless actions targeting owned property and body…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Ownership, Adult Basic Education, Human Body
Paz, Luciano; Goldin, Andrea P.; Diuk, Carlos; Sigman, Mariano – Cognitive Science, 2015
Seventy-three children between 6 and 7 years of age were presented with a problem having ambiguous subgoal ordering. Performance in this task showed reliable fingerprints: (a) a non-monotonic dependence of performance as a function of the distance between the beginning and the end-states of the problem, (b) very high levels of performance when the…
Descriptors: Grade 1, Elementary School Students, Play, Games
Arciuli, Joanne; Simpson, Ian C. – Cognitive Science, 2012
There is little empirical evidence showing a direct link between a capacity for statistical learning (SL) and proficiency with natural language. Moreover, discussion of the role of SL in language acquisition has seldom focused on literacy development. Our study addressed these issues by investigating the relationship between SL and reading ability…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Children, Adults, Statistics
Keil, Frank C.; Stein, Courtney; Webb, Lisa; Billings, Van Dyke; Rozenblit, Leonid – Cognitive Science, 2008
The division of cognitive labor is fundamental to all cultures. Adults have a strong sense of how knowledge is clustered in the world around them and use that sense to access additional information, defer to relevant experts, and ground their own incomplete understandings. One prominent way of clustering knowledge is by disciplines similar to…
Descriptors: Social Sciences, Young Children, Cognitive Development, Cluster Grouping
McNeil, Nicole M.; Alibali, Martha W. – Cognitive Science, 2004
This study investigated the roles of problem structure and strategy use in problem encoding. Fourth-grade students solved and explained a set of typical addition problems (e.g., 5 + 4 + 9 + 5 = ?) and mathematical equivalence problems (e.g., 4 + 3 + 6 = 4 + ? or 6 + 4 + 5 = ? + 5). Next, they completed an encoding task in which they reconstructed…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Arithmetic, Grade 4, Problem Solving