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Download full textXue, Haiping; Xu, Dancheng – Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 2023
Based on data from the China Education Panel Survey in the academic years of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015, this article sought to investigate whether shadow education can yield the "theater effect" and whether the "theater effect" of shadow education is heterogeneous between families of different socio-economic status as well as…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Tutoring, Supplementary Education, Socioeconomic Status
Li, Jiali; He, Ruizhu – Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 2022
This paper utilizes data from the China Education Panel Survey 2013-2015 to examine the effects of family time and money inputs in education on adolescent academic performance from the perspectives of home social capital, cultural capital, and shadow education. Home time input in education is more vital to teenager academic progress than money…
Descriptors: Social Capital, Cultural Capital, Tutoring, Academic Achievement
Online Shadow Education in Hong Kong: Perspectives from Secondary School Students and Private Tutors
Cheng, Ching Ho – Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 2022
Based on the educational hierarchical reproduction theory and the MMI and EMI hypotheses, this paper discusses the impact of the tracking of general and vocational education at the secondary level on higher education opportunity equity among social classes. The study finds that increasing gross enrollment rates of both general high schools and…
Descriptors: Tutoring, Private Education, Secondary School Students, Student Attitudes
Gao, Xiang; Xue, Haiping – Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 2021
Using the 2015 data of the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS), the relationship between family socioeconomic background, parent involvement, and shadow education participation was explored through structural equations. The results showed that: parent involvement strengthened shadow education participation; parent involvement played a part in the…
Descriptors: Family Characteristics, Parent Participation, Private Education, Tutoring
Xue, Haiping; Fang, Chenchen – Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 2021
We used the Hierarchical Linear Bernoulli Model based on China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2016 data and provincial high school acceptance rate data. We explored the relationship between provincial high school entrance examination competition and students' extracurricular tutoring participation during compulsory education. The study found that the…
Descriptors: Tests, Competition, High School Students, Student Participation
Xue, Haiping; Gao, Xiang; Fan, Aiai – Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 2020
Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies 2016 (CFPS 2016), this study analyzed the effect of teacher wage index on students' participation in extracurricular tutoring through a two-layer linear model. We found that the wage index of elementary and middle schools teachers in China is generally low, and this index had a significant negative…
Descriptors: Teacher Salaries, Elementary School Teachers, Middle School Teachers, Student Participation
