As in other parts of the world, private tutoring has expanded significantly in Mainland China during the past decade. This has been driven by factors including dramatic economic growth, high-stakes examinations, and the traditions of a Confucian culture at the macro-level, and school leadership and family incomes, at the micro-level. This paper…

Recent educational reforms in China have emphasized "learner autonomy", but this differs in crucial respects from the concept of "personal autonomy", which is a central goal of western liberal education. The many changes that have resulted from the opening up policy in China in the last 30 years include what has been called…

In a doctoral study undertaken at Edith Cowan University the author set out to investigate the influence of home and school environments on the academic performance and educational/occupational aspirations of high school students from eight Chinese-Australian and Anglo-Australian families residing in a middle class suburb of Perth metropolitan…