Two studies were conducted. In the first, elementary students learned 10-unit sequences of typical material under mastery learning conditions. The second was a post hoc longitudinal evaluation of students who learned arithmetic in a mastery procedure from grades one-four. In contrast to mastery claims, student time differences did not decrease.…

Disruptive pupil behavior increased during teacher-initiated transition time as opposed to nontransitional time. Procedures for structuring transitions to increase time-on-task and maintain smoothness and momentum are described, and teachers' conceptions of time and classroom time flow are discussed. (Author/RD)