This meta-analysis summarized the relationships between cultural capital and student achievement (155 effect sizes involving 685,393 K-12 students) published in education journals between 1981 and 2015. Results showed a small-to-medium overall mean effect size, and larger individual effect sizes for parental education and parental expectations compared to parent-child cultural participation and discussions. Effect sizes were also larger for older students, reading achievement, and studies published earlier. The results affirm the role of cultural capital in explaining student achievement, and indicate that cultural capital is not a unidimensional construct with unequivocal effects on achievement.