This volume represents both recent research in pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM), as well as emerging innovations in how PCK is applied in practice. The notion of "research to practice" is critical to validating how effectively PCK works within the clinic and how it can be used to…

In this chapter, we describe an approach to professional development grounded in a model of PCK that centers around a teacher's knowledge of how to elicit and respond to student thinking, to engage students in the practices of science, and to develop coherent and effective learning experiences. This approach has been shown to be effective in…

Improvements in teachers' pedagogical content knowledge are critical in improving science education but may be insufficient to support and sustain instructional changes. This chapter describes how contextual factors influenced teachers' use of research-based instructional strategies learned in professional development. The research draws on…