Investigates the nature of the underlying cognitive deficit in developmental dyslexia. Tests the predictions of two competing hypotheses by examining the status of several phonological and lexical retrieval skills in school-age children and adolescents with reading disability. Concludes that the phonological hypothesis offers a more parsimonious…

Compares subgroups of Finnish dyslexic adults displaying, relative to each other, a distinctive combination of accuracy and speed of oral text reading in phonological and orthographic processing, verbal short-term memory and reading habits. Indicates that advanced orthographic processing skills might help a number of the dyslexic readers to…

Examines the utility of teaching reading using rime-based reading strategies with prereaders. Measures rhyming, phoneme identity, letter-sound knowledge, phonological working memory, First Nations language speaking ability, and reading. Concludes that progress in phonological awareness and word reading can be enhanced in prereaders by adding…

Considers whether the development of reading skills in different orthographies varies primarily as a function of common underlying cognitive processes, or as a function of orthographic transparency. Concludes that when the script is less complex young children appear to develop their word recognition skills with relative ease, even in the absence…

Compares morphological processing of skilled and less skilled Dutch readers. Focuses on the role of prefixes as access units in visual word recognition. Finds evidence for differential use of prefix information in undergraduate students and elementary school children. Concludes that the information accessed by prefixes is semantically combined…

Investigates the relationship of third and fifth graders' awareness of the structure and meanings of derived words and the relationship of these forms of morphological awareness to word reading and reading comprehension. Shows that awareness of structure was significantly related to the ability to define morphologically complex words; some aspects…

Explores 10- to 12-year old spellers' sensitivity to, and knowledge of, derivational morphology with lexical items varying in orthographic and phonological transparency and opacity. Finds some evidence that the depth of segmentation to base morphology and the converse process of derived morphology of words plays a role in the spelling performance…

Tests 78 children (8- to 12-year-olds) on cognitive, linguistic, academic, phonemic awareness, and memory ability. Explores the relationship between phonemic awareness, phonological memory, reading and spelling. Finds that phonemic awareness tasks are significantly correlated with reading decoding and spelling measures with slightly higher…

Analyzes composition reading performance data from identical and fraternal twin pairs in order to test the hypothesis that genetic influences are more important as a cause of reading disability in girls than in boys. Provides little or no evidence for the hypothesis of greater genetic influence on reading difficulties in girls than in boys. (SC)

Examines the influence of exposure to literary Arabic of preschool children on their reading comprehension of literary Arabic stories in grades 1 and 2. Indicates better reading comprehension results for the children who were exposed to literary Arabic than for the children who were exposed only to spoken Arabic. (SC)

Presents a study where 12 poor readers of first grade were randomly assigned to one of two daily tutoring conditions designed to teach children to read regularly spelled short words by either blending sounds to form words, or cumulative introduction of whole words. Finds no initial difference, but finds different results in delayed posttest one…

Tests the hypothesis that the use of the written mode increases the working memory load. Finds that participants recalled more words in the oral condition than in either the written mode or the "oral and categorization" conditions and that second graders performed better in the oral mode than in the "oral and drawing" condition. (SC)

Investigates possible developmental trends in children's invented spelling (or spelling errors) in Chinese elementary schools. Notes that regression analysis for linear trend shows that a developmental trend in the use of spelling strategies exists: at the lower elementary level, phonological strategies predominate; as grade level advances, the…

Addresses the relationship between four eye movement parameters and reading speed of 20 twelve-year-old children during silent and oral reading. Predicts reading speed by the following variables: recognition span, average fixation duration, and number of regressive saccades. Indicates that in terms of reading speed, significant interrelationships…

Presents a study in which 74 boys with reading disabilities and a matched control group of normal readers were followed during their compulsory schooling (to grade 9). Assesses word decoding performance on three occasions. Finds that the most powerful predictor is early reading performance and non-verbal intelligence. Notes that neither teaching…