Outlines how the legislative reforms to Pennsylvania's Special Education Regulations and Standards influenced change while providing a model for policymakers and educators concerning legal mandates to effect school reform. Examines how intersecting components (problem identification, a legal mandate, and effective support and training) affected an…

Examines challenges faced by female students at Nairobi universities and postsecondary training institutions, using questionnaires administered to students of both sexes and interviews of male and female education officers. All groups named financial constraints, strict teenage pregnancy policies, inadequate girls' school resources, low…

Personalized instruction focuses specifically on each learner's needs, talents, learning style, interests, and academic background and challenges each learner to progress from one stage to another. This article presents a four-phase continuum of personalized teaching strategies, ranging from behavioral approaches (reinforcement and feedback)…

Meta-analysis, a statistical method for combining quantitative findings from several studies addressing the same research problem, follows basic integrative research review procedures. Researchers must complete 11 specific, sequential steps, including selecting the type of meta-analysis, indicating the common research hypothesis, identifying…

The international education industry is thriving now that Western education systems have recognized the money-making potential of behaving "charitably" toward education in developing countries. This "confessional" examines whether consultants and workers in nongovernmental organizations are providing genuine leadership and…

As this case study shows, Western Samoa's Western-based educational system caters to a small minority of students' higher education interests and fails to prepare non-college-bound students to survive in their own culture. Educational philosophy and practice should be consistent with core Samoan cultural values, which center on respect,…

Explores how knowledge of assessment results can be developed in public schools, identifies what types of data and information are useful in school improvement, and develops a framework for effective evaluation and decision making for lasting reform. Constructing knowledge for improvement depends on clear policy expectations and aims, high-quality…

Examined three interpersonal relations constructs and their interrelationships that characterize principals' leadership behaviors. The investigation surveyed teachers' perceptions of 250 elementary school principals management styles. Many principals are engaged in interpersonal behaviors (using high levels of personal power, cooperative conflict…

If American society is caught between a waning traditional Judeo-Christian moral sense and an emerging postmodern secular moral sense, what are the implications for codes of professional ethics? Answers might be found by examining the university's mission, the Western rationalistic tradition, the postmodern transformation view, ideological…

Explores the exemplar and nexus arguments structuring the debate on acceptable teacher conduct outside the classroom. The exemplar argument holds teachers to a mandatory role model standard. The nexus argument views teachers' private acts as protected unless job performance is affected. While nexus (via court litigation) has protected teachers'…

Explores newly created opportunities for teachers in California charter schools, based on textual analysis of 86 charter proposal documents and followup interviews with selected directors and teachers. Most charter-school teachers have primary responsibility for governance, participate in hiring and peer evaluation, experience fewer bureaucratic…

Outlines some methods that financially pressed schools in British Columbia use to raise additional funds, explores ethical controversies surrounding these methods, and examines guidelines established by various stakeholder groups. Connections with business and other institutions should not be viewed as shortcuts to financial salvation or to…

Examined learning's role in the working lives of 51 teacher-leaders in the Pacific Northwest, focusing on in-depth case studies of nine individuals. Predictable hindrances to adult learning emerged from subject interviews: lack of time, collegial tolerance, and administrative support; family pressures; and inappropriate inservice. Despite decades…

Discusses implications of adopting an online curriculum as part of a school's information-management system, using an outcomes-based education perspective. Describes a new generation of software tools to illustrate how curriculum alignment can be accomplished and applied to monitoring student performance. IMS technology should be integrated into…

In 1989, Florida educational leaders responded to information-age challenges by initiating a four-year project to identify the requirements for measurably improving vocational education. The project eventually identified 38 field-validated pedagogical/instructional goals and 161 related learner competencies in four topical areas: planning and…