This essay explores how both German and international educators mobilised history curricula to reshape German collective identity between 1945 and 1950, focusing particular attention on depictions of the "deutsche Vertriebene" (German expellees) in curricular plans and textbooks. In the mid-1940s, 12-15 million ethnic Germans were…

During the last decades of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth, a serious concern regarding the academic credentials of musicians arose in Spain. This movement was led by Francisco Barbieri and Felipe Pedrell. Drawing on Krausism and Regenerationism, Pedrell defined the cultural background required by true artists, following…

'One day a poster announcing the preparatory course at the university appeared in a village. Pokusa [surname, "desire" in Polish] was among the first to enrol. He was accepted after passing an exam. Now he is one of the best students! -- All you need is a good will -- he explains.' That is how a local newspaper in 1953 encouraged peasant…

The paper utilises the method of hermeneutic interpretation to examine the sense and meaning of Jaroslav Foglar's first and most famous long-term stage game and its motto 'Alvarez needs only the brave and the strong!'. The historical impact (nearly 80 years since the game was introduced) and the motivational, programmatic and ethical elements of…

Between 1870 and 1940, 25 white, middle-class, Australian-born women studied at Girton and Newnham Colleges in Cambridge. This article presents their biographical data, and includes all those listed as Australian-born in Volume 1 of the Girton Register and in the "Newnham College Roll" for the period under review. The article examines…

From the mid-1960s, the teaching force in Catholic schools in Ireland that for so long had been composed primarily of members of religious orders began to change as a large number returned to the secular world and recruitment levels dropped rapidly. Concurrently there was an outpouring of order-focused hagiographic works. During the 1980s, a range…

The aim of this article is to situate the teaching body of the "écoles d'arts et métiers" in their historical context in nineteenth-century France, and to discuss the history of the specificity of teaching in technical schools. The success of this form of vocational education is commonly ascribed to the prominence it gave to manual work.…

This paper examines the impacts of co-residence (admitting women to men's colleges and men to women's colleges) at the University of Oxford beginning in the 1970s. Co-residence increased the representation of women undergraduates at Oxford to near parity with men; the representation of women in academic positions rose but not as substantially as…

This paper explores comparatively and historically why Nordic and Continental welfare and education regimes differ in the degree of comprehensiveness of their primary and lower secondary school systems. It analyses how school reforms, reform attempts and coalitions in the post-war decades were shaped by different cleavage structures in Norway and…

The historiography of child guidance has focused primarily on the United States, where it first developed before travelling across the English-speaking world. The rapid expansion of child guidance in the interwar years was enabled by private philanthropy, which provided fellowships to foreign professionals to study in the United States. This…

This article investigates socialist China's pedagogic treatment of individuality between 1949 and 1958, with a focus on the debates concerning "all-round development" and "teaching in accordance with aptitude," two principles that clashed regarding students' individuality. It reconstructs how educational bureaucrat and theorist…

This paper explores the emotional experiences of elementary school inspections, from the appointment of the first State school inspectors in 1839 to 1911 when Edward Holmes, the retiring chief inspector, signposted the prospects of a new era in elementary education. The paper is arranged in two parts: the first provides an outline of the origins…

This paper examines the content of alphabet books published for Russian-speaking children in Latvia, Estonia and Poland in the 1920s and explains the nexus between socio-cultural context and representation of social environment and children's interactions to explore strategies of adaptation offered to children. The textbooks were quantified using…

This article explores the history of school gardens in educational projects linked to four scholars at Teachers College (Bigelow, Dewey, Kilpatrick and Carney) during the early twentieth century. It concludes that gardening activities were designed primarily for urban children who lacked experience in farming. The role of gardening in experimental…

German colonialism has long been treated as a sort of footnote in the epoch of the Empire due to its relatively short time span. The focus was mostly on the reconstruction of a story of 'white' men -- as the story of pioneers, 'discoverers', missionaries or traders. But how were children included in the colonial project? This article deals with…