This article reports on a study conducted to assess the effect of gender on pre- and postintervention attitudes about sexual abstinence after an abstinence education intervention. Gender had a statistically significant effect on the pretest response for each item. Gender had a statistically significant effect on the posttest response for most of the items. Gender had no effect on items related to the negative impact on future endeavors of having sex and having children. Overall, boys entered the program with stronger attitudes against abstinence than did girls but demonstrated more change toward pro-abstinence beliefs after the intervention. In conclusion, the authors suggest the creation of gender-specific health promotion modules and further research on the efficacy of these modules.