These are the appendixes for the full report, "Changes in School Climate during COVID-19 in a Sample of Pennsylvania Schools." The REL study analyzed changes in scores from a pre-pandemic year (2018/19) to the 2020/21 and 2021/22 school years, both of which were affected by COVID-19 and related policy changes. These technical appendixes…

Objective: The systematic review was used to evaluate the relationship between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and physical activity (PA) in preschoolers. Data sources: PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched for terms related to preschoolers' FMS and PA from the establishment to July, 2022. Results: 21…

As multi/plurilingual research advances understandings of plurilingual speakers' fluid language use, particularly in multilingual settings, new research methods and pedagogical orientations that address this complex phenomenon are needed. The present study considered the development, reliability, and validity of the Plurilingual and Pluricultural…

Language is an important element in the struggle for social change and decolonization within South African tertiary education. We explored the relationship between indigenous languages and cocurricular involvement to sense of belonging. Data were collected via a survey of 4210 students that included demographics, cocurricular involvement, and…

This proof-of-concept study examined the feasibility of a new scoring procedure designed to reduce the time of scoring a video-based public speaking assessment task. Instead of scoring the video in its entirety, the performance was evaluated based on content-related (e.g., speech organization, word choice) and delivery-related (e.g., vocal…

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between self-confidence and sportsmanlike behaviors of School of Physical Education and Sports students within the scope of sports literacy. A total of 173 (M=22.45, SD=1.25) university students, 119 of whom were male (M=22.77, SD=0.98) and 54 of whom were female (M=21.75, SD=0.78), participated…

This study's primary aim is to validate a research instrument in Iraqi Kurdistan middle and secondary schools to explore learners' perspectives concerning social constructivist learning environments and e-learning outcomes. The research instrument was updated and devised based on Aldridge, Fraser, Taylor, and Chen's (Aldridge et al., International…

Need for cognition is conceptualized as an individual's intrinsic motivation to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive activities. Over the past three decades, there has been increasing interest in how need for cognition impacts and correlates with learning performance. This meta-analysis summarized 136 independent effect sizes (N = 53,258) for…

It has become increasingly clear that the early use of decomposition for addition is associated with later mathematical achievement. This study examined how younger children execute a base-10 decomposition strategy to solve complex arithmetic (e.g. two-digit addition). 24 addition problems in two modalities (WA: Written Arithmetic; OA: Oral…

This study used a descriptive-quantitative research method. The objectives were to assess administrators' level of work engagement, work performance, and to determine the correlation between work engagement and work performance. The respondents of this study were 22 principals/deputy principals, 22 directors/deputy directors, and one hundred…

Purpose: ?he lexical stress pattern (trochaic vs. iambic) may affect various aspects of word learning and word production in children with cochlear implants (CIs). This study aimed to investigate lexical stress effects in word learning by Greek-speaking children with CIs. Method: A word learning paradigm, consisting of a word production and a word…

Understanding the relationship between executive functioning and its connection to working memory and adaptive functioning can inform planning and employment efforts. This study explored the relationship between memory and adaptive functioning with a sample of Autistic youths/young adults. Participant mean age was 21.3 (SD = 3.0). Of the 22…

Mastering clinical practice is one of the hardest tasks of nursing school. It is necessary to combine professional theoretical courses with clinical nursing practice in order to qualify competent and qualified nurses. The connection between the theoretical training and clinical nursing practice, however, has not been the subject of any research.…

Background: This study evaluated the effect of the school-based intervention Charge Your Brainzzz on adolescents' social-cognitive determinants, sleep hygiene and sleep duration and quality. Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with 972 students from 10 Dutch high schools. Schools were randomly allocated to the intervention…

This study was an attempt to examine the relationship between EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers' job satisfaction and burnout in public schools and private institutes in Iran. Participants in this study were 120 EFL teachers (60 from public schools and 60 from private institutes) in Urmia, Iran. The researchers administered Ho and Au's…