This study examines two longstanding but thinly evidenced claims regarding credentialing requirements for teachers in the early grades (pre-K, K, 1, 2, and 3): 1) that elementary education (ELED) educator standards, under which many U.S. early grade teachers are prepared, address early instructional practices less adequately than early childhood…

The first year of teaching has and continues to be fraught with challenges for early educators in public school contexts across the United States. A persistent problem that has been documented across the globe is the ability of novice teachers to engage in developmentally appropriate practices (DAP) with their students. We examine this issue…

School inclusion of students with disabilities relies on reasonable adjustments to curriculum and class activities. The Reasonable Adjustments for Inclusive Education (RAIE) was designed to elicit reasonable adjustments from stakeholders in mainstream school inclusion for three contrived students with varied learning needs. We evaluated a scale…

This longitudinal study examined the effectiveness of a progress monitoring method, namely the Multilayer Instruction Model-Progress Monitoring (MIM-PM), which is a word reading fluency measure. It was used from 1st grade onward to predict the overall reading achievement of students in elementary school by tracking their reading achievement over…

This study employed a mixed methodology to explore the relationship between trauma, burnout, and resilience of primary teachers working and living in Syria. Quantitative results suggested there were no significant differences between teachers' age, training, or education level and trauma and resilience. However, teacher training was found to be…

We explored how teacher and child talk-turns were related to children's subsequent comprehension responses during read-alouds. Data included three kindergarten teachers' interactive read-alouds (736 talk-turns across six video-recorded and transcribed sessions). Talk-turns were coded using a priori and emergent codes. Statistical discourse…

This qualitative study explored the perceptions of primary grade teachers in the Indian cities of Mumbai and Sambalpur about the barriers they faced in implementing remote instruction effectively during the pandemic. Interviews were conducted over Zoom and via phone. The findings highlighted two sources of barriers. The external barriers included…

Shyness is a form of social isolation and withdrawal stemming from concerns about social judgment, particularly during new situations or tests. Shy students are afraid of interacting with others, leading to problems and frustration at school. Teachers play an important role in identifying and helping these students. The research objective was to…

Teachers' commitments, or what is often called fidelity in teaching, are of obvious importance in early childhood settings. Nonetheless, fidelity in teaching young children remains an undertheorized concept. Instead of appreciating the philosophical and socio-political complexities of practice, examinations of fidelity in teaching young children…

This case study examined the first two years of adult preparation or "readiness" for an elementary school's adoption and implementation of a trauma-informed, social emotional learning (SEL) universal curriculum. SEL programming served as a key lever for improving the academic growth and achievement of students over a 3-year period. The…

Recess in the United States is decidedly limited in elementary schools, despite numerous research findings that support unstructured play as a vehicle for development across multiple domains. It is widely understood that recess breaks promote prosocial behaviors, physical activity, and attentiveness in class. However, few researchers in the United…

Scientific inquiry is an often misunderstood concept in many elementary classrooms. On the inquiry spectrum, teacher-directed (TD) scientific inquiry is prevalent in schools. From a critical and social constructivism framework, TD inquiry programs affect students' original/unhindered questions, called primal inquiry (PI), and processes in science…

This short-term longitudinal study explored the unique role of proximal classroom factors (teachers' student-specific self-efficacy, autonomy-supportive behaviors, and student-teacher relationships) in students' emotional and behavioral engagement, and the moderating role of grade level. Participants were 472 students and 63 teachers (grades 4-6).…

This article draws from a series of qualitative inquiries conducted with early childhood teachers in some Asian countries (primarily India) and interrogates the sustainability of applying Euro-Western pedagogical frameworks to inform the preparation of early childhood teachers who will teach in non-western contexts. The author suggests a more…

This study investigates the claim that in states where elementary education (ELED) and early childhood education (ECED) licenses share the same grades, the preponderance of generalist teachers in the early grades hold ELED rather than ECED licenses. We investigated this question by sending information requests to 43 states where stand-alone,…