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Peer reviewed
Direct linkHoffman, Ellen J.; State, Matthew W. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010
Objective: This review considers the impact of chromosomal studies on the understanding of childhood neuropsychiatric syndromes, highlighting key discoveries, advances in technology, and new challenges faced by clinicians trying to interpret recent findings. Method: We review the literature on the genetics of child psychiatric disorders, including…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Investigations, Schizophrenia, Emotional Disturbances
Donati, Georgina; Dumontheil, Iroise; Meaburn, Emma L. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2019
Individual differences in executive functions (EF) are heritable and predictive of academic attainment (AA). However, little is known about genetic contributions to EFs or their genetic relationship with AA and intelligence. We conducted genome-wide association analyses for processing speed (PS) and the latent EF measures of working memory (WM)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Executive Function, Educational Attainment, Individual Differences
van Hulst, Branko M.; de Zeeuw, Patrick; Bos, Dienke J.; Rijks, Yvonne; Neggers, Sebastiaan F. W.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Task Analysis, Reinforcement, Therapy
Paloyelis, Yannis; Mehta, Mitul A.; Faraone, Stephen V.; Asherson, Philip; Kuntsi, Jonna – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012
Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to deficits in the dopaminergic reward-processing circuitry; yet, existing evidence is limited, and the influence of genetic variation affecting dopamine signaling remains unknown. We investigated striatal responsivity to rewards in ADHD combined type (ADHD-CT) using…
Descriptors: Evidence, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Cues, Adolescents
Plourde, Vickie; Boivin, Michel; Forget-Dubois, Nadine; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Marino, Cecilia; Tremblay, Richard T.; Dionne, Ginette – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: The phenotypic and genetic associations between decoding skills and ADHD dimensions have been documented but less is known about the association with reading comprehension. The aim of the study is to document the phenotypic and genetic associations between reading comprehension and ADHD dimensions of inattention and…
Descriptors: Genetics, Correlation, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Kindergarten
Oerlemans, Anoek M.; Hartman, Catharina A.; Bruijn, Yvette G. E.; Franke, Barbara; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Rommelse, Nanda N. J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: We may improve our understanding of the role of common versus unique risk factors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by examining ADHD-related cognitive deficits in single- (SPX), and multi-incidence (MPX) families. Given that individuals from multiplex (MPX) families are likely to share genetic vulnerability for the…
Descriptors: Incidence, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Role, Neurological Impairments
Nigg, Joel T.; Craver, Lindsay – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2014
In the 1950's, many experts believed hyperkinesis was a neurotic reaction to inner conflicts arising from early family experiences. In the 1990's, many experts believed ADHD to be "genetic" (without a mechanistic explanation of what that meant). Both views appear naïve today in a scientific world grappling with the complexity…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetic Disorders, Genetics, Psychopathology
Albrecht, Björn; Brandeis, Daniel; Uebel-von Sandersleben, Henrik; Valko, Lilian; Heinrich, Hartmut; Xu, Xiaohui; Drechsler, Renate; Heise, Alexander; Kuntsi, Jonna; Müller, Ueli C.; Asherson, Philip; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Rothenberger, Aribert; Banaschewski, Tobias – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2014
Background: Difficulties with performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting (Cue-P3), cognitive or response preparation (Cue-CNV) and inhibitory response control (Nogo-P3) during tasks tapping executive functions are familial in ADHD and may represent endophenotypes. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of dopamine…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Responses, Inhibition
Pauli-Pott, Ursula; Dalir, Silke; Mingebach, Tanja; Roller, Alisa; Becker, Katja – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Inhibitory control (IC) has been regarded as a neuropsychological basic deficit and as an endophenotype of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Implicated here are mediation processes between etiological factors and ADHD symptoms. We thus analyze whether and to what extent executive IC and delay aversion (DA; i.e.,…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Neuropsychology, Structured Interviews, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Harold, Gordon T.; Leve, Leslie D.; Barrett, Douglas; Elam, Kit; Neiderhiser, Jenae M.; Natsuaki, Misaki N.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Reiss, David; Thapar, Anita – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Families of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report more negative family relationships than families of children without ADHD. Questions remain as to the role of genetic factors underlying associations between family relationships and children's ADHD symptoms, and the role of children's ADHD…
Descriptors: Genetics, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mothers
Pettersson, Erik; Anckarsäter, Henrik; Gillberg, Christopher; Lichtenstein, Paul – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Although neurodevelopmental disorders are demarcated as discrete entities in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of mental disorders, empirical evidence indicates that there is a high degree of overlap among them. The first aim of this investigation was to explore if a single general factor could account for the large degree of observed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Twins, Interviews, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Van Batenburg-Eddes, T.; Brion, M. J.; Henrichs, J.; Jaddoe, V. W. V.; Hofman, A.; Verhulst, F. C.; Lawlor, D. A.; Smith, G. Davey; Tiemeier, H. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy have been associated with offspring-attention deficit problems. Aim: We explored possible intrauterine effects by comparing maternal and paternal symptoms during pregnancy, by investigating cross-cohort consistency, and by investigating whether parental symptoms in early childhood may…
Descriptors: Depression (Psychology), Anxiety, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Mothers
Doehnert, Mirko; Brandeis, Daniel; Schneider, Gudrun; Drechsler, Renate; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: This longitudinal electrophysiological study investigated the course of multiple impaired cognitive brain functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adulthood by comparing developmental trajectories of individuals with ADHD and typically developing controls. Methods: Subjects with ADHD ("N"…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Physiology, Genetics, Longitudinal Studies
Kegel, Cornelia A. T.; Bus, Adriana G. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) has been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disorders. In this study, we examined whether diminished anticipatory dopamine cell firing--typical of the long variant of the DRD4 allele--is related to emergent and advanced alphabetic skills, and whether executive…
Descriptors: Genetics, Executive Function, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Correlation
Thapar, Anita; Cooper, Miriam; Eyre, Olga; Langley, Kate – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its possible causes still attract controversy. Genes, pre and perinatal risks, psychosocial factors and environmental toxins have all been considered as potential risk factors. Method: This review (focussing on literature published since 1997, selected from a search of PubMed)…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Risk, Public Health, Diagnostic Tests
