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Showing 136 to 150 of 339 results Save | Export
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Larsson, Henrik; Dilshad, Rezin; Lichtenstein, Paul; Barker, Edward D. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: DSM-IV specifies three ADHD subtypes; the combined, the hyperactive-impulsive and the inattentive. Little is known about the developmental relationships underlying these subtypes. The objective of this study was to describe the development of parent-reported hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention symptoms from childhood to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Twins, Family Size, Psychopathology
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Swords, Lorraine; Heary, Caroline; Hennessy, Eilis – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Research suggests that children's reactions to peers with mental health problems are related to the maintenance and outcomes of these problems. However, children's perceptions of such peers, particularly those with internalising problems, are neither well researched nor understood. The present study aimed to test a series of models…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mental Health, Children, Depression (Psychology)
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Gooch, Debbie; Snowling, Margaret; Hulme, Charles – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Deficits in time perception (the ability to judge the duration of time intervals) have been found in children with both attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia. This paper investigates time perception, phonological skills and executive functions in children with dyslexia and/or ADHD symptoms (AS). Method: Children…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Intervals, Dyslexia, Verbal Ability
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McGrath, Lauren M.; Pennington, Bruce F.; Shanahan, Michelle A.; Santerre-Lemmon, Laura E.; Barnard, Holly D.; Willcutt, Erik G.; DeFries, John C.; Olson, Richard K. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: This study tests a multiple cognitive deficit model of reading disability (RD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and their comorbidity. Methods: A structural equation model (SEM) of multiple cognitive risk factors and symptom outcome variables was constructed. The model included phonological awareness as a unique…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Reading Difficulties, Phonological Awareness, Risk
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Liddle, Elizabeth B.; Hollis, Chris; Batty, Martin J.; Groom, Madeleine J.; Totman, John J.; Liotti, Mario; Scerif, Gaia; Liddle, Peter F. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Deficits characteristic of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including poor attention and inhibitory control, are at least partially alleviated by factors that increase engagement of attention, suggesting a hypodopaminergic reward deficit. Lapses of attention are associated with attenuated deactivation of the default…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Inhibition, Motivation, Drug Therapy
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Spinelli, Simona; Vasa, Roma A.; Joel, Suresh; Nelson, Tess E.; Pekar, James J.; Mostofsky, Stewart H. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Error processing is reflected, behaviorally, by slower reaction times (RT) on trials immediately following an error (post-error). Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) fail to show RT slowing and demonstrate increased intra-subject variability (ISV) on post-error trials. The neural correlates of these behavioral…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Inhibition, Correlation, Error Correction
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Wilson, Vanessa B.; Mitchell, Suzanne H.; Musser, Erica D.; Schmitt, Colleen F.; Nigg, Joel T. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: A key underlying process that may contribute to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) involves alterations in reward evaluation, including assessing the relative value of immediate over delayed rewards. This study examines whether children with ADHD discount the value of delayed rewards to a greater degree than typically…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Intelligence Quotient, Rewards, Children
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van Mourik, Rosa; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Heslenfeld, Dirk; Konig, Claudia; Oosterlaan, Jaap – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Impaired cognitive control has been implicated as an important developmental pathway to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Cognitive control is crucial to suppress interference resulting from conflicting information and can be measured by Stroop-like tasks. This study was conducted to gain insight into conflict processing…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conflict, Cognitive Processes, Diagnostic Tests
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Gunther, Thomas; Konrad, Kerstin; De Brito, Stephane A.; Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate; Vloet, Timo D. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depressive disorders (DDs) often co-occur in children and adolescents, but evidence on the respective influence of these disorders on attention parameters is inconsistent. This study examines the influence of DDs on ADHD in a model-oriented approach that includes selectivity and…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Depression (Psychology), Attention, Children
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Costello, E. Jane; Copeland, William; Angold, Adrian – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Little is known about changes in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders between childhood and adolescence, and adolescence and adulthood. Methods: We reviewed papers reporting prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders separately for childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. Both longitudinal and cross-sectional papers published in…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Incidence, Behavior Disorders
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Hobson, Christopher W.; Scott, Stephen; Rubia, Katya – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Children with oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) have shown deficits in "cool" abstract-cognitive, and "hot" reward-related executive function (EF) tasks. However, it is currently unclear to what extent ODD/CD is associated with neuropsychological deficits, independently of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Behavior Disorders, Rewards, Cognitive Processes
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Demurie, Ellen; Roeyers, Herbert; Baeyens, Dieter; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display abnormalities in reward processing. Most reward studies have focused on the effects of material or monetary rewards. Studies with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have focused on social rewards. In this study we compared the effects of amount and type of reward in…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Reaction Time, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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Gagne, Jeffrey R.; Saudino, Kimberly J.; Asherson, Philip – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: To investigate links between inhibitory control (IC) and behavior problems in early childhood, as well as genetic and environmental covariances between these two constructs. Methods: Parent and laboratory ratings of IC and parent ratings of externalizing and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder behaviors were administered at 24…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Twins, Behavior Problems, Risk
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Wiik, Kristen L.; Loman, Michelle M.; Van Ryzin, Mark J.; Armstrong, Jeffrey M.; Essex, Marilyn J.; Pollak, Seth D.; Gunnar, Megan R. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Experience in institutional/orphanage care has been linked to increased mental health problems. Research suggests that children adopted from institutions experience specific difficulties related to inattention/overactivity. Evidence of internalizing and conduct problems relative to non-adopted peers has been found in early childhood…
Descriptors: Evidence, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Early Adolescents, Children
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Kan, Kees-Jan; Dolan, Conor V.; Nivard, Michel G.; Middeldorp, Christel M.; van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M.; Willemsen, Gonneke; Boomsma, Dorret I. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2013
Objective: To review findings on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and attention problems (AP) in children, adolescents, and adults, as established in the database of the Netherlands Twin Register and increase the understanding of stability in AP across the lifespan as a function of genetic and environmental influences. Method: A…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Foreign Countries, Environmental Influences
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