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Barker, Beth; Mills, China – International Journal of Inclusive Education, 2018
A growing body of research, largely from the global North, and particularly from North America, highlights the increasing psychiatrisation, medicalisation and psychologisation of children and childhood, and suggests that schools and educators play a key role in these processes. This increasing diffusion of psy-expertise within educational spaces…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary Schools, Inclusion, Psychology
Parker, Claire; Whear, Rebecca; Ukoumunne, Obioha C.; Bethel, Alison; Thompson-Coon, Jo; Stein, Ken; Ford, Tamsin – Emotional & Behavioural Difficulties, 2015
Childhood psychiatric disorders are associated with a wide range of adverse outcomes including poor academic attainment. For some children these difficulties are recognised through school Special Educational Need procedures (SEN) but many others may remain unidentified and/or unsupported. In Britain, government data suggests disproportionate…
Descriptors: Mental Disorders, Psychopathology, Psychiatry, Disproportionate Representation
Sellers, Ruth; Maughan, Barbara; Pickles, Andrew; Thapar, Anita; Collishaw, Stephan – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: Evidence from Western countries indicates marked increases in diagnosis and treatment of childhood psychiatric disorders in recent years. These could reflect changes in prevalence of mental health problems, changes in their impact or increased clinical recognition and help-seeking. Epidemiological cross-cohort comparisons are required…
Descriptors: Parent Attitudes, Teacher Attitudes, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Russell, Ginny; Ford, Tamsin; Rosenberg, Rachel; Kelly, Susan – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2014
Background: Studies throughout Northern Europe, the United States and Australia have found an association between childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and family socioeconomic disadvantage. We report further evidence for the association and review potential causal pathways that might explain the link. Methods: Secondary…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Disadvantaged, Socioeconomic Status
Groom, Madeleine J.; Liddle, Elizabeth B.; Scerif, Gaia; Liddle, Peter F.; Batty, Martin J.; Liotti, Mario; Hollis, Chris P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterised by developmentally inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity and/or inattention and are particularly impaired when performing tasks that require a high level of cognitive control. Methylphenidate (MPH) and motivational incentives may help improve…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Drug Therapy, Intervention
Evidence for Shared Genetic Risk between ADHD Symptoms and Reduced Mathematics Ability: A Twin Study
Greven, Corina U.; Kovas, Yulia; Willcutt, Erik G.; Petrill, Stephen A.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and mathematics ability are associated, but little is known about the genetic and environmental influences underlying this association. Methods: Data came from more than 6,000 twelve-year-old twin pairs from the UK population-representative Twins Early Development Study. Parents…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Genetic Disorders, Environmental Influences
Simonoff, Emily; Taylor, Eric; Baird, Gillian; Bernard, Sarah; Chadwick, Oliver; Liang, Holan; Whitwell, Susannah; Riemer, Kirsten; Sharma, Kishan; Sharma, Santvana Pandey; Wood, Nicky; Kelly, Joanna; Golaszewski, Ania; Kennedy, Juliet; Rodney, Lydia; West, Nicole; Walwyn, Rebecca; Jichi, Fatima – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is increased in children with intellectual disability. Previous research has suggested stimulants are less effective than in typically developing children but no studies have titrated medication for individual optimal dosing or tested the effects for longer than 4 weeks. Method: One hundred and…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Mental Retardation, Drug Therapy
Greven, Corina U.; Rijsdijk, Fruhling V.; Asherson, Philip; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disability commonly co-occur because of shared genetic risk factors. However, the stability and change of these genetic influences and the predictive relationships underlying this association longitudinally remain unclear. Methods: ADHD symptoms and reading were assessed as…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Twins, Early Adolescents, Risk
Cadman, Tim; Eklund, Hanna; Howley, Deirdre; Hayward, Hannah; Clarke, Hanna; Findon, James; Xenitidis, Kiriakos; Murphy, Declan; Asherson, Philip; Glaser, Karen – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012
Objective: There is increasing recognition that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with significant costs and burdens. However, research on their impact has focused mostly on the caregivers of young children; few studies have examined caregiver burden as children transition into…
Descriptors: Caring, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Family Characteristics
St. Pourcain, Beate; Mandy, William P.; Heron, Jon; Golding, Jean; Smith, George Davey; Skuse, David H. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: There is overlap between an autistic and hyperactive-inattentive symptomatology when studied cross-sectionally. This study is the first to examine the longitudinal pattern of association between social-communication deficits and hyperactive-inattentive symptoms in the general population, from childhood through adolescence. We explored…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Communication Disorders, Pregnancy
Johnson, Samantha; Hollis, Chris; Kochhar, Puja; Hennessy, Enid; Wolke, Dieter; Marlow, Neil – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors for psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children. Method: All babies born less than 26 weeks gestation in the United Kingdom and Ireland from March through December 1995 were recruited to the EPICure Study. Of 307 survivors at 11 years of age, 219 (71%) were assessed alongside 153…
Descriptors: Mental Disorders, Premature Infants, Children, Longitudinal Studies
Polanczyk, Guilherme; Caspi, Avshalom; Houts, Renate; Kollins, Scott H.; Rohde, Luis Augusto; Moffitt, Terrie E. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010
Objective: To evaluate whether including children with onset of symptoms between ages 7 and 12 years in the ADHD diagnostic category would: (a) increase the prevalence of the disorder at age 12, and (b) change the clinical and cognitive features, impairment profile, and risk factors for ADHD compared with findings in the literature based on the…
Descriptors: Mother Attitudes, Teacher Attitudes, Incidence, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Ronald, Angelica; Simonoff, Emily; Kuntsi, Jonna; Asherson, Philip; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Background: High levels of clinical comorbidity have been reported between autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study takes an individual differences approach to determine the degree of phenotypic and aetiological overlap between autistic traits and ADHD behaviours in the general population.…
Descriptors: Twins, Autism, Asperger Syndrome, Psychologists
Sayal, Kapil; Goodman, Robert; Ford, Tamsin – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2006
Background: In most countries, the majority of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are undiagnosed. In the United Kingdom, a major barrier to accessing specialist services is the limited recognition of disorders by general practitioners. However, it is unclear whether there are also barriers at other stages of the…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mental Health, Parents, Foreign Countries