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Aetiology for the Covariation between Combined Type ADHD and Reading Difficulties in a Family Study: The Role of IQ
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Cheung, Celeste H. M.; Wood, Alexis C.; Paloyelis, Yannis; Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Franke, Barbara; Miranda, Ana; Mulas, Fernando; Rommelse, Nanda; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.; Faraone, Stephen V.; Asherson, Philip; Kuntsi, Jonna – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Background: Twin studies using both clinical and population-based samples suggest that the frequent co-occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading ability/disability (RD) is largely driven by shared genetic influences. While both disorders are associated with lower IQ, recent twin data suggest that the shared genetic…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Reading Difficulties, Siblings, Intelligence Quotient
Neuropsychological Correlates of Emotional Lability in Children with ADHD
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Banaschewski, Tobias; Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine; Brandeis, Daniel; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Kuntsi, Jonna; Poustka, Luise; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.; Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Albrecht, Bjorn; Chen, Wai; Uebel, Henrik; Schlotz, Wolff; van der Meere, Jaap J.; Gill, Michael; Manor, Iris; Miranda, Ana; Mulas, Fernando; Oades, Robert D.; Roeyers, Herbert; Rothenberger, Aribert; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Faraone, Stephen V.; Asherson, Philip – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Background: Emotional lability (EL) is commonly seen in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reasons for this association remain currently unknown. To address this question, we examined the relationship between ADHD and EL symptoms, and performance on a range of neuropsychological tasks to clarify whether EL symptoms…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Siblings, Severity (of Disability), Patients
ERPs Associated with Monitoring and Evaluation of Monetary Reward and Punishment in Children with ADHD
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van Meel, Catharina S.; Heslenfeld, Dirk J.; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Luman, Marjolein; Sergeant, Joseph A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Several models of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) propose abnormalities in the response to behavioural contingencies. Using event-related potentials (ERPs), the present study investigated the monitoring and subsequent evaluation of performance feedback resulting in either reward or punishment in children with ADHD (N =…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Feedback (Response), Rewards, Punishment
Auditory Conflict Processing in ADHD
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van Mourik, Rosa; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Heslenfeld, Dirk; Konig, Claudia; Oosterlaan, Jaap – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Impaired cognitive control has been implicated as an important developmental pathway to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Cognitive control is crucial to suppress interference resulting from conflicting information and can be measured by Stroop-like tasks. This study was conducted to gain insight into conflict processing…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conflict, Cognitive Processes, Diagnostic Tests
Perinatal Risk Factors Interacting with Catechol O-Methyltransferase and the Serotonin Transporter Gene Predict ASD Symptoms in Children with ADHD
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Nijmeijer, Judith S.; Hartman, Catharina A.; Rommelse, Nanda N. J.; Altink, Marieke E.; Buschgens, Cathelijne J. M.; Fliers, Ellen A.; Franke, Barbara; Minderaa, Ruud B.; Ormel, Johan; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Verhulst, Frank C.; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Hoekstra, Pieter J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur. Given the previously found familiality of ASD symptoms in children with ADHD, addressing these symptoms may be useful for genetic association studies, especially for candidate gene findings that have not been consistently…
Descriptors: Body Weight, Social Behavior, Smoking, Autism
Contrasting Deficits on Executive Functions between ADHD and Reading Disabled Children
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Marzocchi, Gian Marco; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Zuddas, Alessandro; Cavolina, Pina; Geurts, Hilde; Redigolo, Debora; Vio, Claudio; Sergeant, Joseph A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Background: The object of this study was to analyze the executive functioning of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or reading disability (RD) independent of their non-executive deficits. Methods: Three carefully diagnosed groups of children, aged between 7 and 12 years (35 ADHD, 22 RD and 30 typically developing…
Descriptors: Phonetics, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
Heart Rate and Reinforcement Sensitivity in ADHD
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Luman, Marjolein; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Hyde, Christopher; van Meel, Catharina S.; Sergeant, Joseph A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Background: Both theoretical and clinical accounts of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) implicate a dysfunctional reinforcement system. This study investigated heart rate parameters in response to feedback associated with reward and response cost in ADHD children and controls aged 8 to 12. Methods: Heart rate responses (HRRs)…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Reinforcement, Children
Motor Control in Children with ADHD and Non-Affected Siblings: Deficits Most Pronounced Using the Left Hand
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Rommelse, Nanda N. J.; Altink, Marieke E.; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Buschgens, Cathelijne J. M.; Buitelaar, Jan; De Sonneville, Leo M. J.; Sergeant, Joseph A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is strongly influenced by heritability. Identifying heritable vulnerability traits (endophenotypes) that mark a relatively high risk of developing the disorder can contribute to the identification of risk genes. A fruitful area for the search for such endophenotypes may be motor control…
Descriptors: Siblings, Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorders, Pathology
Colour Perception in ADHD
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Banaschewski, Tobias; Ruppert, Sinje; Tannock, Rosemary; Albrecht, Bjorn; Becker, Andreas; Uebel, Henrik; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Rothenberger, Aribert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2006
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with unexplained impairments on speeded naming of coloured stimuli. These deficits may reflect hypofunctioning retinal dopaminergic mechanisms impairing particularly blue-yellow colour discrimination. Colour perception and rapid colour naming ability were investigated in 14 children…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Color, Visual Perception, Children
On Resource Strategy Limitations in Hyperactivity: Cognitive Impulsivity Reconsidered.
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Sergeant, Joseph A.; Scholten, C. A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1985
Reports the results of a high-speed search task administered to overactive and distractible (hyperactives), normoactive and distractible, and normoactive and attentive (controls) children. Instructions emphasized speed, accuracy, or both speed and accuracy. Indicates that controls and distractibles conformed to the fast guess model, which relates…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Children, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style
On Data Limitations in Hyperactivity.
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Sergeant, Joseph A.; Scholten, C. A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1985
Three groups of elementary school children, rated on activity and distractibility, were given a visual search task with three levels of display load and tested twice in two conditions of stimulus visibility. Encoding deficit or data limitation did not account for the attentional performance of either hyperactive or somewhat hyperactive subjects.…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Children, Cognitive Style, Conceptual Tempo
Can the "Children's Communication Checklist" Differentiate between Children with Autism, Children with ADHD, and Normal Controls?
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Geurts, Hilde M.; Verte, Sylvie; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Roeyers, Herbert; Hartman, Catharina A.; Mulder, Erik J.; van Berckelaer-Onnes, Ina A.; Sergeant, Joseph A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2004
Background: The Children's Communication Checklist (CCC; Bishop, 1998) is a questionnaire that was developed to measure pragmatic language use and may be completed by parents and teachers. Two studies are reported, which were designed to investigate: (1) whether children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) encounter pragmatic…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Check Lists, Autism, Pragmatics
How Specific Are Executive Functioning Deficits in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism?
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Geurts, Hilde M.; Verte, Sylvie; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Roeyers, Herbert; Sergeant, Joseph A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2004
Background: The objective of this study is to identify intact and deficient cognitive processes in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and children with high functioning autism (HFA). Method: Three rigorously diagnosed groups of children aged between 6 and 12 years (54 ADHD, 41 HFA, and 41 normal controls) were tested on…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes