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Shriver, Timothy P. – State Education Standard, 2013
Education experts and political leaders frequently agree that in spite of many changes, American schools continue to remain in need of reforms that will expand the circle of opportunity for all children. Few such leaders, however, recognize young people themselves as a critical leadership constituency in effecting the needed reforms. Special…
Descriptors: Inclusion, Educational Change, Student Leadership, Student Empowerment
Fisher, Karin; Miller, Katie M. – TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2021
Even though paid advocates exist in the field of special education, teacher advocates are important because their work is based on passion and a belief that change is warranted due to their own needs and experiences with students, not merely on the basis that they are being paid to advocate. Education policy in recent years has become more…
Descriptors: Special Education Teachers, Advocacy, Educational Legislation, Federal Legislation
Sivage, Carole R.; And Others – 1982
The four papers in this volume address questions raised by the Dean's Grants Program. Among the themes addressed are the potential of deans to fulfill the role of change agent, techniques used in decision making and exercising authority, and faculty members' and deans' perceptions of the dean's role. Carole R. Sivage, in "Advocates of Change:…
Descriptors: Academic Deans, Administrator Role, Change Agents, Change Strategies
Kleinhammer-Tramill, Jeannie; Tramill, James; Brace, Heather – Journal of Special Education, 2010
In this article, the authors explore contexts that have shaped the federal program for personnel preparation in special education. A brief review is provided of the historical, political, and policy considerations that influenced the directions, implementation, and impacts of the federal personnel preparation program funding at particular points…
Descriptors: Federal Programs, Program Effectiveness, Special Education, Program Evaluation
McDonnell, Lorraine M.; McLaughlin, Milbrey W. – 1981
To assess the state's role as an instrument of national education policy, researchers examined four states' responses to federal programs under Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act and under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. They focused, first, on how states' political and organizational contexts interacted with…
Descriptors: Administrative Organization, Educational Policy, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Programs
Westhead, Eleanore C.; Carriker, William R. – 1978
Since 1957 and the first federal funding for the handicapped, concern for the needs of exceptional students has grown. Programs and media have been developed, culminating in the passage of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and in the Education of All the Handicapped Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-142). Many political issues surrounding these…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Exceptional Child Education, Federal Legislation
Peer reviewed
McCarthy, Eileen F. – Special Services in the Schools, 1987
Two major reports on the financing of special education and the use of Public Law 94-142 discretionary and set-aside funds are analyzed, focusing on the funds' impact on state and local education agencies. Key factors in utilization of these monies are political realities and the legal need for flexibility. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Disabilities, Educational Finance, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Aid
McDonnell, Lorraine M.; McLaughlin, Milbrey W. – 1982
Focusing specifically on the two largest federal education programs, Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act and the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142), this study analyzes how states implement federal and state education programs. The book is divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 offers background on federal-state…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Educational Policy, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Programs
Peer reviewed
Biklen, Douglas – Child and Youth Services, 1982
Explores the history of the "least restrictive environment" concept, particularly in relation to designing and providing educational programs for disabled youth; discusses political and economic issues, curriculum-related arguments, and societal attitudes concerning mainstreaming; and identifies factors that can promote or impede…
Descriptors: Children, Disabilities, Educational Environment, Elementary Secondary Education
Sideridis, Georgios D. – Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 2007
This special issue deals with the identification and remediation criteria/practices employed in several countries regarding learning disabilities (LD). An analysis of the identification criteria suggests that most countries follow early law mandates of the United States (e.g., PL 94-142) regarding the definition of the disorder and use the…
Descriptors: Identification, Remedial Instruction, Learning Disabilities, International Studies
Danforth, Scot – Multiple Voices for Ethnically Diverse Exceptional Learners, 2000
Special educators have historically used psychological theories to explain students' disruptive and oppositional behavior. Sociological research and theories have played a secondary or even nonexistent role. The sociology of education tradition within general education has developed an extensive literature examining student misbehavior. This…
Descriptors: Social Class, Educational Sociology, Democracy, Disabilities
Neal, David; Kirp, David L. – 1983
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act, Public Law (PL) 94-142, exemplifies the trend in American public policy toward the "legalization" of educational issues previously left to political or professional solution. Such legislation characteristically includes a focus on individual rights, the use of legal concepts and modes of…
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Disabilities, Due Process, Educational Legislation
Peer reviewed
Hartman, William T. – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 1981
The resource cost model approach makes the programmatic aspects of special education explicit and links these with associated costs. It facilitates planning for education of handicapped children. An effective cost estimation plan was necessary because of recent political and legal mandates which established the educational rights of the…
Descriptors: Cost Estimates, Disabilities, Educational Resources, Elementary Secondary Education
Peterson, Paul E.; And Others – 1984
A study of the implementation of six major federal education policies in four urban school districts (Baltimore, Maryland; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; San Diego, California; and Dade County, Florida) generally supported a new theory of federalism. Research data were drawn from statistical reports and from interviews with over 150 persons at local,…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Aid, Federal Government, Federal Programs
Craig, Patricia A. – Exceptional Education Quarterly, 1981
An unanticipated effect of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94-142) is that fewer students may be receiving related services now than before its passage. Among the factors leading to the reduction in services is the political, fiscal, and professional independence of the schools and other governmental agencies. (SB)
Descriptors: Agency Cooperation, Ancillary School Services, Compliance (Legal), Delivery Systems
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