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Schleyer, Michael; Saumweber, Timo; Nahrendorf, Wiebke; Fischer, Benjamin; von Alpen, Desiree; Pauls, Dennis; Thum, Andreas; Gerber, Bertram – Learning & Memory, 2011
Drosophila larvae combine a numerically simple brain, a correspondingly moderate behavioral complexity, and the availability of a rich toolbox for transgenic manipulation. This makes them attractive as a study case when trying to achieve a circuit-level understanding of behavior organization. From a series of behavioral experiments, we suggest a…
Descriptors: Entomology, Behavior, Expectation, Brain
Schleyer, Michael; Reid, Samuel F.; Pamir, Evren; Saumweber, Timo; Paisios, Emmanouil; Davies, Alexander; Gerber, Bertram; Louis, Matthieu – Learning & Memory, 2015
How do animals adaptively integrate innate with learned behavioral tendencies? We tackle this question using chemotaxis as a paradigm. Chemotaxis in the "Drosophila" larva largely results from a sequence of runs and oriented turns. Thus, the larvae minimally need to determine (i) how fast to run, (ii) when to initiate a turn, and (iii)…
Descriptors: Olfactory Perception, Memory, Rewards, Entomology
Mancini, Nino; Hranova, Sia; Weber, Julia; Weiglein, Alice; Schleyer, Michael; Weber, Denise; Thum, Andreas S.; Gerber, Bertram – Learning & Memory, 2019
Adjusting behavior to changed environmental contingencies is critical for survival, and reversal learning provides an experimental handle on such cognitive flexibility. Here, we investigate reversal learning in larval "Drosophila." Using odor-taste associations, we establish olfactory reversal learning in the appetitive and the aversive…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Olfactory Perception, Rewards, Punishment
König, Christian; Khalili, Afshin; Ganesan, Mathangi; Nishu, Amrita P.; Garza, Alejandra P.; Niewalda, Thomas; Gerber, Bertram; Aso, Yoshinori; Yarali, Ayse – Learning & Memory, 2018
Painful events establish opponent memories: cues that precede pain are remembered negatively, whereas cues that follow pain, thus coinciding with relief are recalled positively. How do individual reinforcement-signaling neurons contribute to this "timing-dependent valence-reversal?" We addressed this question using an optogenetic…
Descriptors: Negative Reinforcement, Conditioning, Entomology, Memory
Kleber, Jörg; Chen, Yi-Chun; Michels, Birgit; Saumweber, Timo; Schleyer, Michael; Kähne, Thilo; Buchner, Erich; Gerber, Bertram – Learning & Memory, 2016
Synapsin is an evolutionarily conserved presynaptic phosphoprotein. It is encoded by only one gene in the "Drosophila" genome and is expressed throughout the nervous system. It regulates the balance between reserve and releasable vesicles, is required to maintain transmission upon heavy demand, and is essential for proper memory function…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Genetics, Scores, Short Term Memory
Weiglein, Alice; Gerstner, Florian; Mancini, Nino; Schleyer, Michael; Gerber, Bertram – Learning & Memory, 2019
Animals of many species are capable of "small data" learning, that is, of learning without repetition. Here we introduce larval "Drosophila melanogaster" as a relatively simple study case for such one-trial learning. Using odor-food associative conditioning, we first show that a sugar that is both sweet and nutritious…
Descriptors: Animals, Associative Learning, Conditioning, Memory
Kaun, Karla R.; Hendel, Thomas; Gerber, Bertram; Sokolowski, Marla B. – Learning & Memory, 2007
Animals must be able to find and evaluate food to ensure survival. The ability to associate a cue with the presence of food is advantageous because it allows an animal to quickly identify a situation associated with a good, bad, or even harmful food. Identifying genes underlying these natural learned responses is essential to understanding this…
Descriptors: Entomology, Genetics, Association (Psychology), Conditioning
Knapek, Stephan; Gerber, Bertram; Tanimoto, Hiromu – Learning & Memory, 2010
Odor-shock memory in "Drosophila melanogaster" consists of heterogeneous components each with different dynamics. We report that a null mutant for the evolutionarily conserved synaptic protein Synapsin entails a memory deficit selectively in early memory, leaving later memory as well as sensory motor function unaffected. Notably, a consolidated…
Descriptors: Memory, Olfactory Perception, Drug Use, Genetics
Gerber, Bertram; Giurfa, Martin; Guerrieri, Fernando; Lachnit, Harald – Learning & Memory, 2005
Blocking occurs when previous training with a stimulus A reduces (blocks) subsequent learning about a stimulus B, when A and B are trained in compound. The question of whether blocking exists in olfactory conditioning of proboscis extension reflex (PER) in honeybees is under debate. The last published accounts on blocking in honeybees state that…
Descriptors: Perception, Stimuli, Conditioning, Control Groups
Michels, Birgit; Diegelmann, Soren; Tanimoto, Hiromu; Schwenkert, Isabell; Buchner, Erich; Gerber, Bertram – Learning & Memory, 2005
Synapsins are evolutionarily conserved, highly abundant vesicular phosphoproteins in presynaptic terminals. They are thought to regulate the recruitment of synaptic vesicles from the reserve pool to the readily-releasable pool, in particular when vesicle release is to be maintained at high spiking rates. As regulation of transmitter release is a…
Descriptors: Animals, Associative Learning, Role, Neurology