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Beran, Michael J.; Klein, Emily D.; Evans, Theodore A.; Chan, Betty; Flemming, Timothy M.; Harris, Emily H.; Washburn, David A.; Rumbaugh, Duane M. – Psychological Record, 2008
Learning styles in capuchin monkeys were assessed with a computerized reversal-learning task called the mediational paradigm. First, monkeys were trained to respond with 90% accuracy on a two-choice discrimination (A+B-). Then the authors examined differences in performance on three different types of reversal trials (A-B+, A-C+, B+C-), each of…
Descriptors: Cues, Teaching Methods, Prediction, Animals
Beran, Michael J.; Washburn, David A.; Rumbaugh, Duane M. – Psychological Record, 2007
In many discrimination-learning tests, spatial separation between stimuli and response loci disrupts performance in rhesus macaques. However, monkeys are unaffected by such stimulus-response spatial discontiguity when responses occur through joystick-based computerized movement of a cursor. To examine this discrepancy, five monkeys were tested on…
Descriptors: Tests, Stimuli, Computer Assisted Testing, Discrimination Learning
Smith, J. David; Minda, John Paul; Washburn, David A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2004
In influential research, R. N. Shepard, C. I. Hovland, and H. M. Jenkins (1961) surveyed humans' categorization abilities using tasks based in rules, exclusive-or (XOR) relations, and exemplar memorization. Humans' performance was poorly predicted by cue-conditioning or stimulus-generalization theories, causing Shepard et al. to describe it in…
Descriptors: Memorization, Classification, Cognitive Ability
Smith, J. David; Redford, Joshua S.; Beran, Michael J.; Washburn, David A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2006
Although researchers are exploring animals' capacity for monitoring their states of uncertainty, the use of some paradigms allows the criticism that animals map avoidance responses to error-causing stimuli not because of uncertainty monitored but because of feedback signals and stimulus aversion. The authors addressed this criticism with an…
Descriptors: Responses, Reinforcement, Comparative Analysis, Misconceptions