Complex networks describe how entities in systems interact; the structure of such networks is argued to influence processing. One measure of network structure, clustering coefficient, C, measures the extent to which neighbors of a node are also neighbors of each other. Previous psycholinguistic experiments found that the C of phonological word-forms influenced retrieval from the mental lexicon (that portion of long-term memory dedicated to language) during the on-line recognition and production of spoken words. In the present study we examined how network structure influences other retrieval processes in long- and short-term memory. In a false-memory task--examining long-term memory--participants falsely recognized more words with low- than high-"C". In a recognition memory task--examining veridical memories in long-term memory--participants correctly recognized more words with low- than high-"C". However, participants in a serial recall task--examining reintegration in short-term memory--recalled lists comprised of high-"C" words more accurately than lists comprised of low-C words. These results demonstrate that network structure influences cognitive processes associated with several forms of memory including lexical, long-term, and short-term. (Contains 4 tables and 4 figures.)