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Laughlin, Lindsay C.; Moloney, Danielle M.; Samels, Shanna B.; Sears, Robert M.; Cain, Christopher K. – Learning & Memory, 2020
In signaled active avoidance (SigAA), rats learn to suppress Pavlovian freezing and emit actions to remove threats and prevent footshocks. SigAA is critical for understanding aversively motivated instrumental behavior and anxiety-related active coping. However, with standard protocols ~25% of rats exhibit high freezing and poor avoidance. This has…
Descriptors: Animals, Behavior Modification, Coping, Fear
Martinez, Raquel C. R.; Gupta, Nikita; Lazaro-Munoz, Gabriel; Sears, Robert M.; Kim, Soojeong; Moscarello, Justin M.; LeDoux, Joseph E.; Cain, Christopher K. – Learning & Memory, 2013
Active avoidance (AA) is an important paradigm for studying mechanisms of aversive instrumental learning, pathological anxiety, and active coping. Unfortunately, AA neurocircuits are poorly understood, partly because behavior is highly variable and reflects a competition between Pavlovian reactions and instrumental actions. Here we exploited the…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Fear, Anxiety, Coping
Barad, Mark; Cain, Christopher K.; Blouin, Ashley M. – Learning & Memory, 2004
Extinction of classically conditioned fear, like its acquisition, is active learning, but little is known about its molecular mechanisms. We recently reported that temporal massing of conditional stimulus (CS) presentations improves extinction memory acquisition, and suggested that temporal spacing was less effective because individual CS…
Descriptors: Active Learning, Animals, Learning Processes, Cues
Jami, Shekib; Barad, Mark; Cain, Christopher K.; Godsil, Bill P. – Learning & Memory, 2005
We recently reported that fear extinction, a form of inhibitory learning, is selectively blocked by systemic administration of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (LVGCC) antagonists, including nifedipine, in mice. We here replicate this finding and examine three reduced contingency effects after vehicle or nifedipine (40 mg/kg) administration.…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Animals, Contingency Management, Behavior Modification