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Kemp, Charles; Shafto, Patrick; Tenenbaum, Joshua B. – Cognitive Psychology, 2012
Humans routinely make inductive generalizations about unobserved features of objects. Previous accounts of inductive reasoning often focus on inferences about a single object or feature: accounts of causal reasoning often focus on a single object with one or more unobserved features, and accounts of property induction often focus on a single…
Descriptors: Generalization, Logical Thinking, Inferences, Probability
Kemp, Charles; Tenenbaum, Joshua B. – Psychological Review, 2009
Everyday inductive inferences are often guided by rich background knowledge. Formal models of induction should aim to incorporate this knowledge and should explain how different kinds of knowledge lead to the distinctive patterns of reasoning found in different inductive contexts. This article presents a Bayesian framework that attempts to meet…
Descriptors: Logical Thinking, Inferences, Statistical Inference, Models
Shafto, Patrick; Kemp, Charles; Bonawitz, Elizabeth Baraff; Coley, John D.; Tenenbaum, Joshua B. – Cognition, 2008
Different intuitive theories constrain and guide inferences in different contexts. Formalizing simple intuitive theories as probabilistic processes operating over structured representations, we present a new computational model of category-based induction about causally transmitted properties. A first experiment demonstrates undergraduates'…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Logical Thinking, Cognitive Psychology, Inferences