The relevance of the research problem is reasoned by the need to create conceptual grounds of life organization variants in the rural school as a resource of intellectual and labor potential formation of rural society taking into account the socio-economic realities of Russia's development in the beginning of the twenty-first century, as well as by the need to maintain the competitiveness of Russia in the agricultural sector. The aim of this article is to present the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the model of the rural school system "school-employer-society", to disclose terms and principles of its construction. A leading approach to the study of this problem is poly paradigm approach implying a dialectical unity of systematic, integrative and differentiated, activity and competence, technological and axiological approaches, the totality of which is directed on problem solving how to transform a rural school into building and strengthening resource of intellectual and labor potential of rural society. The article reveals the author's understanding of the concepts "intellectual potential of rural society", "labor potential of rural society", presents the formulation of the theoretical and methodological terms, conditions and principles of constructing a model of the rural school as a resource to form intellectual and labor potential of rural society, reveals the peculiarities of the model, which first of all is oriented on rural school student's comprehensive training for independent activity in the conditions of market economy in agrarian society.