Discusses how gender differences in the value of pay, based on relative deprivation theory, explain women's paradoxical contentment with lower wages. Presents a model of pay satisfaction to integrate value-based and comparative-referent explanations of the relationship between gender and pay satisfaction. Discusses economic approaches to the…

This literature review pays particular attention to research that: (1) focuses on gender differences in mathematics and science achievement; and (2) offers implications for middle school educators addressing young adolescents' gender-specific needs. The review offers a list of recommendations for middle school educators based on the research. (EV)

By understanding at-risk youth, resilient youth, and the characteristics and behaviors of each, teachers and school personnel can create effective school connectedness and positive learning environments. This document focuses on resiliency factors in adolescence and how gender differences affect adolescent resiliency. Current research on…

Reports of five Canadian universities concerning gender discrimination in salaries are reviewed, compared, and evaluated. All found some discrimination, but approaches taken varied considerably. Analysis suggests the focus on single equation models is problematic, and further information gathering is needed. (Author/MSE)

This paper examines typical explanations offered for the existence of an "earnings gap" between male and female educational administrators, evaluates the relevance of these explanations, and proposes and tests a model process for detecting gender bias in the compensation of school administrators. Common explanations for male/female wage…

Reviews cancer and other health and behavioral risks posed to American Indian and Alaska Native people by smoked and smokeless tobacco use. Pays particular attention to psychosocial aspects of tobacco use, including influences of cultural, social, and gender-specific factors. Suggests prevention model based on bicultural competence theory and…

Demographic projections concerning the shortage of teachers in Canada, their pay scale, the feminization of teaching, the gender gap in salaries, and teacher autonomy have often been incorrect, or correct for the wrong reasons. Instead of relying on demographic predictions, teachers should contemplate who they really want to be professionally,…

This report examines international research and current educational publications about teacher workload and related stress. Workload issues have been a concern for Canadian teachers and teacher unions during recent years, with British Columbia's teachers reporting the highest stress levels nationwide. Teachers must juggle diverse, intense types of…

A study used data from the 1998 Current Population Survey to document job growth in the public and private sectors and examine the quality of jobs in terms of wages and benefits. Findings indicated public sector employment declined for both women and men during the period from 1979-98 with a somewhat sharper decline among men. In 1998, median…

While previous research has outlined factors that can be used to predict academic self-concept among college students, much of this research pays little attention to how self-concept develops differently for unique subgroups of students. This paper examines the development of mathematical self-concept during college for four groups of students who…