The purposes of this paper were to report the results of an examination of differential entry into a publicly funded voucher program in Cleveland, Ohio, and to address other issues around the nature of the voucher population. Specifically, the study attempted to answer the following questions for the academic years 1997-98 through 2000-01: (1) Are there racial/ethnic differences between the applicant cohort and the population from which applicants derive? (2) Are there racial/ethnic differences between applicant subgroups? (3) Do the applicant subgroups differ in terms of family income? (4) Do the groups differ in terms of family size? and (5) Do the groups differ in terms of previous school of enrollment (public or private school). The results of the study showed that applicants to the voucher program were highly similar to the general student population in the district; the process by which vouchers are initially awarded to families is effective in focusing opportunities toward targeted families; and students who won but did not use vouchers were of lower income and more likely to be minority than those who won and used vouchers. (WFA)