Mindfulness reduces distress, promotes optimal health, improves attentional control, mental agility, emotional intelligence, and situational awareness. Stress management and cognitive performance in Marines who spent more hours practicing Mindfulness Based Mind Fitness Training were superior to those soldiers who practiced fewer hours. Students receiving mindfulness training without practice demonstrated no significant change. The literature suggests that mindfulness training designed to inform rather than to train may not produce measurable results. Systematic, effortful, skill-building programs are indicated. (Contains 1 exhibit.)