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Smith, Alexander; Ayres, Paul – Educational Psychology Review, 2016
Two experiments were conducted to investigate how individuals with persistent pain would respond to instructional materials designed to promote the modality and redundancy effects. It was predicted that persistent pain would reduce the positive impact of narrated text due to reduced working memory capacity. One hundred thirty-seven full-time…
Descriptors: Chronic Illness, Pain, Instructional Materials, Teaching Methods
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Pawley, Duncan; Ayres, Paul; Cooper, Martin; Sweller, John – Educational Psychology, 2005
The conditions under which explicit instruction in checking, combined with worked examples, may be beneficial in learning how to translate sentences into algebraic equations was examined from the perspective of cognitive load theory. In two experiments it was shown that Grade 8 and 9 students were initially disadvantaged by the inclusion of a…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Equations (Mathematics), Grade 8, Grade 9