Children with disabilities or specialized healthcare needs were legally excluded from U.S. public education for decades, but in the last 45 years, they have gained tremendous ground in receiving comparable educational opportunities as their non-disabled peers. The purpose of this article is to provide a historical review of the educational laws…

The history of social attitudes toward childhood and concepts of children since ancient times is reviewed as background for a discussion of ethics and society's role in child protection. (MSE)

The emergence of migrant advocates was sparked by the 1960 telecast of the documentary "Harvest of Shame." In the first step forward, Congress enacted a program establishing migrant health centers in 1961. In 1965 the Elementary and Secondary Education Act was passed, in which Title I promised special educational help for disadvantaged…

Presents a definition and historical review of organized advocacy for children and families. Discusses the differences between case and class advocacy and highlights four proven strategies for successful advocacy. (SJL)

Describes Elbridge T. Gerry's work from 1874 to about 1900 as founder and director of the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. Notes his place at the center of the controversy surrounding children on the professional stage in New York. (SR)

Traces the career of the Polish-born physician and children's rights advocate, Janusz Korczak, highlighting his accomplishments and writings as a protector of children, educational researcher, champion of children's rights, informal lawgiver, educator, and theorist. Quotes from his books and essays. (AC)

Documents the impact on America's social policy of developmental psychologist Edward Zigler's knowledge, presence, and advocacy. Describes Zigler's lifetime efforts and his influence on public policy for children's full development including his work for Head Start, the Office of Child Development, and on-the-job training in policymaking. (Author)

Profiles the life and career of James L. Hymes, Jr., the child development and parent education specialist, teacher and parent educator, and child and parent advocate. Emphasizes Hymes' publications and television work. (LB)

Examines the career of Alice V. Keliher. Keliher's professional training and diverse teaching and leadership experiences are discussed. Her accomplishments include elementary school teaching, professorships at several universities, community service in the area of children and youth, educational innovations, and consultation to various government…

Although Virginia's Governor Lowell Weicker comes from a privileged background, he has drawn himself close to the people. A liberal Republican with some strong conservative values, Weicker believes privilege means sacrifice in terms of time commitment and tax effort. Weicker has spearheaded legislation to benefit learning-disabled and economically…

Profiles the life and writings of Janusz Korczak, who lived in Poland from 1878 until his execution by the Nazis in 1942. Korczak was trained as a pediatrician but devoted his life to running an orphanage, advocating children's rights, and educating teacher apprentices and children about the principles of democracy. (LP)

Discussion of Chicago's Hull House centers on the physical and social environments, types of child care offered, learning experiences and environment in the day nursery and kindergarten, and professional education. Implications of Hull House for contemporary child care are described. (BG)

Some of the recent changes in the organization and delivery of residential services for the mentally retarded in British Columbia are discussed. (Author/SBH)

An historical perspective on the development of interest in children's psychological rights is presented. Changing concepts of childhood, children's rights movements, and declarations of children's rights, as proposed by the United Nations, the 1970 White House Conference on Children, and the International School Psychology Committee, are…

The Child Support Enforcement Amendments of 1985, the most significant child support enforcement measures taken by the United States Federal Government since the Child Support Enforcement Program was created in 1975, are discussed in this document. Also discussed are the history of enforcing child support payments and methods for dealing with…