Over the past two decades women have demanded greater access to positions in educational administration. This paper presents findings of a study that examined the experiences of women teachers seeking administrative positions in New Brunswick, Canada. Specifically, the paper explored the women's views about leadership and the ways in which they…

In New Zealand the rhetoric of educational administration reform has claimed that local school management will lead to improvement in the areas of efficiency, effectiveness, and equity. In addition, the role of the school principal has been a significant site of contest and struggle. This paper presents findings of a ongoing ethnographic study…

With the enactment of Title IX in 1972, sports participation by female athletes in intercollegiate sports has generally increased, while leadership positions have decreased. The data summarized in this paper represent 15 years (1977-1992) of information on the status of women in intercollegiate athletics gathered in an on-going national study of…

Findings of a study that explored reasons why women exit the superintendency are presented in this document. Data were collected through open-ended telephone interviews conducted with 20 women who left superintendencies within the past 7 years and with 4 women informants, all derived through snowball sampling. One-third had voluntarily exited…

Factors in the development of empowerment through ethical leadership are discussed in this paper, which draws on feminist and humanist theories. A review of literature describes the conditions in patriarchal societies that lead to and lessen the exaltation of power and control; conditions of temporary and permanent inequality; ways in which…

This report presents information on the status of women as administrators in the New York public schools for the years 1968-91. Data obtained from the Education Department's information system are used to describe trends in the following areas: (1) the educational preparation of persons employed as school administrators; (2) the educational…

The ways in which a Hispanic female superintendent led her school district toward stability and excellence are described in this report, with a focus on four elements that differentiate the work of urban school superintendents from that of others. Four years of data were collected through interviews with the superintendent, observations of group…

A noticeable discrepancy continues to exist between the number of professional men and women who hold similarly ranked, higher level positions in educational administration, a phenomenon sometimes called the "glass ceiling." The potential of networking as a strategy for overcoming the gender gap is explored in this paper. Networking is…

In U.S. public schools a limited number of women have attained the position of superintendent. Consequently, there has been limited research focusing on understanding the position from a woman?s perspective. The purpose of this study was to add to the small body of literature focusing on women?s ideas and beliefs about leading schools. A survey…

Although record numbers of women educators are entering masters and doctoral programs in educational administration, the percentage of women who actually obtain positions in educational administration is under 30 percent. This paper reviews the experiences of women who have obtained positions of educational leadership as reported in a number of…

This paper examines why the training, certification, selection, and promotion of educational administrators ensures both the continuation of white-male dominance and of leaders oriented toward bureaucratic maintenance. The report draws on a poststructural conceptualization of power--the deployment of power through normalization--to provide an…

Demand for school reform continues to be characterized by a cry to adopt new leadership behaviors and change the preparation of school leaders. Once hired, new school leaders are confronted by the weight of tradition and history in their new jobs. This paper reports on an investigation of the impact of these socialization practices on new…

This paper presents data from a 25-year study of women in intercollegiate sports. The opportunity for female athletes to participate in intercollegiate athletics generally increased over time. The same six sports continue to be the most popular: basketball, volleyball, soccer, tennis, cross country, and softball, with soccer exhibiting the…

Feminist theory has become an increasingly important tool in analyzing the position of women within the discipline of education. This paper presents a liberal feminist framework for gender equity issues specifically concerned with the recruitment and support of women in educational administration. It is organized into three parts: (1) the tenets…

Interviews with 70 administrators in small Montana towns revealed that most civil administrators were women, while most legal and educational administrators were men. Gender and administrative position were related to attitudes toward social problems and effects of migration on community. Rural women may be selected for particular administrative…